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Other usesRefimprove|date=July 2007An anniversary is a day that commemorates or celebrates a past event that occurred on the same day of the year as the initial event. For example, the first event is the initial occurrence or, if planned, the inaugural of the event. One year later would be the first anniversary of that event. The word was first used for Catholicism|Catholic feasts to commemorate saint s.
Anniversary names
Birthday s (v.) are the most common type of anniversary, where the birth date of a person is commemorated annually. The actual celebration is sometimes moved for practical reasons, as in the case of an official birthday .
Wedding anniversary|Wedding anniversaries are also often celebrated on the same day of the year as the wedding occurred.
Death anniversary .
The Latin phrase dies natalis (literally "birth day") has become a common term, adopted in many languages, especially in intellectual and institutional circles, for the anniversary of the founding ("legal or statutory birth") of an institution, such as an alma mater (college or other school). Even in ancient Rome, we know of the dies Aquilae natalis ("birthday of the eagle", anniversary of the official founding of a legion).
Most countries around the world celebrate national anniversaries, for example the United States Bicentennial . These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government. The important dates in a sitting monarch's reign may also be commemorated, an event often referred to as a ' wikt:jubilee|Jubilee '.
Anniversaries of nations are usually marked by the number of years elapsed described with Latin words or Roman numerals.
Latin-derived numerical names
Refimprove section|date=March 2011Weasel|section|date=March 2011 Latin terms for anniversaries are mostly straight forward, particularly those relating to the first twenty years (1-20), those relating to multiples of ten years (30, 40, 60, 70 etc.), and those relating to multiples of centuries or millennia (100, 200, 300, 1000, 2000, 3000 etc.) In these instances, the anniversary generally comes from a derivative of the Latin word for the respective number of years. However, when anniversaries relate to fractions of centuries (125, 150, 175, 250 years - i.e., 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2.5 centuries), the situation is not as simple.
Roman numerals|Roman fractions were based on a duodecimal|duodecimal system . From 1/12 to 8/12 they were described as multiples of twelfths ( Uncia (coin)|uncia "twelfth"; the source of the English words inch and ounce ) and from 9/12 to 11/12 they were described as multiple-twelfths less than the next whole unit - i.e., a whole unit less 3/12, 2/12 or 1/12 respectively. There were also special terms for quarter ( quadrans ), half ( semis ), and three-quarters ( dodrans ). Dodrans is a Latin contraction of de-quadrans which means "a whole unit less a quarter" ( de means "from"; quadrans means "quarter". Thus for the example of 175 years, the term is a quarter century less than the next whole (bi)century or 175 = (-25 + 200).cite web | url= http://cityofadelaide.org.au/sa-175th-jubilee.html 175th Jubilee | title=SA 175th Jubilee | accessdate=March 8, 2011 | publisher=Clipper Ship 'City of Adelaide' | quote=So the name for a 175th anniversary? For now it is really up to the preference of the reader. One day one of these terms may make its way into popular usage, become accepted, and find a place in a dictionary.
In Latin it seems that this rule did not apply literally for 1˝. Whereas "secundus" is Latin for "second", or "bis" for "twice" these terms are not used such as in sesqui-secundus. Instead just sesqui (or ses) is used by itself. This may be because it relates to a ratio of one - thus it means "and a half" compared to "one". (It may also be because 1/8 in Latin is sescuncia, sescunciae (from sesqui - + uncia , i.e., 1˝ uncias ) defined as one-and-a-half twelfths (3/2 × 1/12 = 1/8).)
Therefore care needs to be taken when determining anniversary names. Often unfortunate results occur when new anniversary names are coined by adding , subtracting or multiplying the root elements inappropriately when dealing with either whole numbers or fractions.
anchor|Sesquicentennial
Anniversary
Preferred Term
Other Terms
Comments
1/ 2 yearly
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 years
6 years
7 years
8 years
9 years
10 years
11 years
12 years
13 years
14 years
15 years
20 years
25 years
50 years
60 years
75 years
Dodracentennial
Dequascentennial
Semisesquicentennial
100 years
125 years
150 years
175 years
Dodrabicentennial
Dequasbicentennial
Dosquicentennial
Demisemiseptcentennial
Quartoseptcentennial
Terquasquicentennial
Septaquintaquinque- centennial
200 years
250 years
Semiquincentennial
Bicenquinquagenary
Quarter-millennial
300 years
350 years
Semiseptcentennial
400 years
500 years
600 years
700 years
800 years
900 years
1000 years
2000 years
Anniversary symbols
Many anniversaries have special names. Etiquette in Society, in Business, in Politics and at Home by Emily Post , published in 1922, contained suggestions for wedding anniversary gifts for 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50 and 75 years. http://www.bartleby.com/95/22.html Wedding Anniversary Gifts Wedding anniversary gift suggestions for other years were added in later editions and publications; they now comprise what is referred to as the "traditional" list. Generally speaking, the longer the period, the more precious or durable the material associated with it. See wedding anniversary for a general list of the wedding anniversary symbols; however, there are variations in some national traditions.
Furthermore, there exist numerous partially overlapping, partially contradictory lists of anniversary gifts (such as wedding stones), separate from the 'traditional' names.
The concepts of a person's Birthstones|birthday stone and zodiac stone, by contrast, are fixed for life according to the day of the week, month or astrological sign corresponding to the recipient's birthday#birthday gift symbolism|birthday .
