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Biography
infobox writer| name = Astrid Lindgren| image = Lindgren 1960.jpg| imagesize = 255px| alt =| caption =| pseudonym =| birth_name = Astrid Anna Emilia Ericsson| birth_date = birth date|1907|11|14|df=y| birth_place = Vimmerby , Småland , Sweden | death_date = death date and age|2002|1|28|1907|11|1|df=y| death_place = Stockholm , Sweden | resting_place =| occupation = Children's Literature|Children's book author | language = Swedish language|Swedish | nationality = Sweden|Swedish | awards = Right Livelihood Award (1994) Astrid Anna Emilia Lindgren ( née Ericsson) (IPA-sv|'astr?d 'l??gre?n|-|sv-Astrid Lindgren.ogg), 14 November 1907 – 28 January 2002) was a Sweden|Swedish author and screenwriter . She is the world's 18th http://databases.unesco.org/xtrans/stat/xTransStat.a? VL1=A& top=50& lg=0 UNESCO's statistics on whole Index Translationum database most translated author and has sold roughly 145 million http://www.astridlindgren.se/faq#faq-522 FAQ at Astrid Lindgren official site (in Swedish) copies worldwide. She is best known for the Pippi Longstocking , Karlsson-on-the-Roof and the The Six Bullerby Children|Six Bullerby Children In the US, the Children of Noisy Village series. book series.
Biography
Astrid Lindgren grew up in Näs (village)|Näs , near Vimmerby , Småland and many of her books are based on her family and childhood memories and landscapes. However, Pippi Longstocking (book)|Pippi Longstocking , one of her most famous books, was set in Gotland .
Lindgren was the daughter of Samuel August Ericsson and Hanna Johnsson. She had two sisters and a brother, Gunnar Ericsson, who eventually became a member of the Swedish parliament .
Upon finishing school, Lindgren took a job with the a local newspaper in Vimmerby. When she became pregnant with the chief editor's childClarify|reason=AMBIGUOUS|date=February 2010 in 1926, he proposed marriage. She declined and moved to Stockholm , learning to become a typist and stenographer (she would later write most of her drafts in stenography). In due time, she gave birth to her son, Lars, in Copenhagen and left him in the care of a foster family.
Although poorly paid, she saved whatever she could and travelled as often as possible to Copenhagen to be with Lars, often just over a weekend, spending most of her time on the train back and forth. Eventually, she managed to bring Lars home, leaving him in the care of her parents until she could afford to raise him in Stockholm.
In 1931, she married her boss, Sture Lindgren (1898–1952). Three years later, in 1934, Lindgren gave birth to her second child, Karin, who became a translator. The character Pippi Longstocking was invented for her daughter to amuse her while she was ill and bed-ridden. Lindgren later related that Karin had suddenly said to her, "Tell me a story about Pippi Longstocking," and the tale was created in response to that remark.
The family moved in 1941 to an apartment on the :sv:Dalagatan|Dalagatan , with a view over Vasaparken, Stockholm|Vasaparken , where Lindgren lived until her death in 2002, at the age of 94.Source - Steinar Mæland
Lindgren was almost Blindness|blind a few years before her death.
Career
Lindgren worked as a journalist and secretary before becoming a full time author. She served as a secretary for the 1933 Swedish Summer Grand Prix .
In 1944 Lindgren won second prize in a competition held by the newly founded publishing house Rabén & Sjögren with her novel Britt-Marie lättar sitt hjärta ( Britt-Marie unburdens her heart ). A year later she won first prize in the same competition with the children's book Pippi Långstrump ( Pippi Longstocking ), which has since become one of the most beloved children's books in the world. She had already sent Pippi Longstocking to the Bonniers publishing house but it was rejected. While Lindgren almost immediately became a much appreciated writer, the irreverent attitude towards adult authority that is a distinguishing characteristic of many of her characters has occasionally drawn the ire of some conservatives.
The women's magazine Damernas Värld sent Lindgren to the USA in 1948 to write short essays. Upon arrival she is said to have been upset by the discrimination against Black Americans . A few years later she published the book Kati in America , a collection of short essays inspired by the trip.
In 1956, she won the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis .
In 1958, Lindgren became the second recipient of the Hans Christian Andersen Award , an international award for youth literature. On her 90th birthday, she was pronounced Swede of the Year by a radio show.
In its entry on Scandinavia n fantasy , The Encyclopedia of Fantasy named Lindgren the foremost Swedish contributor to modern children's fantasy.Citation | last = John-Henri | first = Holmberg | author-link = John-Henri Holmberg | contribution = Scandinavia | year = 1997/1999 | title = The Encyclopedia of Fantasy | editor-last = Clute | editor-first = John, and John Grant | pages = 841 | place = New York | publisher = St. Martin's Griffin. Its entry on Lindgren summed up her work in glowing terms: "her niche in children's fantasy remains both secure and exalted. Her stories and images can never be forgotten."Citation | last = John-Henri | first = Holmberg | author-link = John-Henri Holmberg | contribution = Lindgren, Astrid (Anna Emilia) | year = 1997/1999 | title = The Encyclopedia of Fantasy | editor-last = Clute | editor-first = John, and John Grant | pages = 582 | place = New York | publisher = St. Martin's Griffin.
Politics
In 1976, a scandal arose in Sweden when Lindgren's marginal tax rate was publicized to have risen to 102%. This was to be known as the " Pomperipossa in Monismania|Pomperipossa effect " from a story she published in Expressen http://www.astrid-lindgren.com/astridlindgren/Ldates/1974-1976.htm Astrid Lindgren timeline, 1974-76. on 3 March 1976. The publication led to a stormy tax debate. In the parliamentary election later in the same year the Social Democrats (Sweden)|Social Democrat government was voted out for the first time in 44 years, and the Lindgren tax debate was one of several controversies that may have contributed to this result.
Astrid, however, remained a Social Democrats (Sweden)|Social Democrat for the rest of her life. http://www.dn.se/dnbok/dnbok-hem/brev-fran-astrid-lindgren-visar-hennes-stod-for-s
Astrid Lindgren was well known both for her support for children's rights|children's and animal rights , and for her opposition to corporal punishment . In 1994, she received the Right Livelihood Award (also known as the Alternative Nobel Prize ), "...For her commitment to justice, non-violence and understanding of minorities as well as her love and caring for nature."
Honors and memorials
In 1967, Rabén & Sjögren established an annual literary prize , the Astrid Lindgren Prize, in connection with her 60th birthday. The prize, Swedish krona|SEK 40,000, is awarded to a Swedish language children's author, every year on her birthday in November.
Following Lindgren's death, the government of Sweden instituted the Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award in her memory. The award is the world's largest monetary award for children's and youth literature, in the amount of five million Swedish krona|SEK .
The collection of Astrid Lindgren's original manuscripts in Kungliga Biblioteket (the Royal Library), Stockholm , was placed on UNESCO 's World heritage list in 2005.
On 6 April 2011, the Bank of Sweden announced that Lindgren's portrait will feature on the 20 Swedish krona|kronor banknote, beginning in 2014-15. http://www.riksbank.com/templates/Page.aspx? id=46685 In the run-up to the announcement of the persons who would feature on the new banknotes, Lindgren's name had been the one most often put forward in the public debate.
"Asteroid Lindgren"
A minor planet , 3204 Lindgren , discovered in 1978 by Soviet Union|Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh , was named after her. http://books.google.com/books? q=3204+Lindgren+1978+RH Dictionary of Minor Planet Names - p.256 The name of the Swedish miniaturized satellite|microsatellite Astrid (satellites)|Astrid 1 , launched on 24 January 1995, was originally selected only as a common Swedish name days|Swedish female name , but within a short time it was decided to name the instruments after characters in Astrid Lindgren's books: PIPPI (Prelude in Planetary Particle Imaging), EMIL (Electron Measurements - In-situ and Lightweight), and MIO (Miniature Imaging Optics). Astrid said that maybe people should call her Asteroid Lindgren instead.
"Astrid's Wellspring"
In memory of Astrid Lindgren, a memorial sculpture was created next to her childhood home, named "Källa Astrid" ("Astrid's Wellspring" in English). It is situated at the same place where Astrid Lindgren first heard fairy tales .
It consists of an artistic representation of a young person's head (1.37m high), http://www.kindaposten.se/article/articleview/23590/1/13/ "Källa Astrid” på Astrids källa "Astrid's Wellspring source of inspiration& #93; in Astrid's Wellspring." http://www.kindaposten.se/ettan Kinda-Posten (in Swedish) flattened on top, in the corner of a square pond, and, just above the water, a ring of rosehip thorn (with a single rosehip bud attached to it). The sculpture was initially slightly different in design and intended to be part of a fountain set in the city center, but the people of Vimmerby vehemently opposed the idea. Astrid Lindgren furthermore had stated that she never wanted to be represented as a statue. (However, there is a statue of Lindgren in the city center.) The memorial was sponsored by the culture council of Vimmerby.
Bibliography
The best-known books by Astrid Lindgren:
The Pippi Longstocking series ( Pippi Långstrump )
Karlsson-on-the-Roof series ( Karlsson på taket )
Emil i Lönneberga|Emil of Lönneberga ( Emil i Lönneberga )
The Bill Bergson series ( Mästerdetektiven Blomkvist )
Madicken
'' Ronia the Robber's Daughter ( Ronja rövardotter )
Seacrow Island ( Tjorven Vi på Saltkråkan )
The Six Bullerby Children / The Children of Noisy Village ( Barnen i Bullerbyn )
Mio, my Mio (also known as Mio, my Son ) ( Mio, min Mio )
This is a chronological list of feature films based on stories by Astrid Lindgren. http://www.astridlindgren.se/verken/filmerna/filmerna Films based on Astrid Lindgren stories (in Swedish) http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0511807/ Astrid Lindgren at IMDb There are live action films as well as animated features. Most of the films were made in Sweden, some of them in transnational collaboration.
Ingen rövare finns i skogen (1988) - director: Göran Carmback
Gull-Pian (1988) - director: Staffan Götestam
Hoppa högst (1988) - director: Johanna Hald
Nånting levande åt Lame-Kal (1988) - director: Magnus Nanne
Peter och Petra (1989) - director: Agneta Elers-Jarleman
Nils Karlsson Pyssling (1990) - director: Staffan Götestam
Pelle flyttar till Konfusenbo (1990) - director: Johanna Hald
Lotta på Bråkmakargatan (1992) - director: Johanna Hald
Lotta flyttar hemifrån (1993) - director: Johanna Hald
Kalle Blomkvist & ndash; Mästerdetektiven lever farligt (1996) - director: Göran Carmback
Bill Bergson and the White Rose Rescue (1997 film)|Kalle Blomkvist och Rasmus (1997) - director: Göran Carmback
Pippi Långstrump (1997, animated) - director: Clive A. Smith|Clive Smith
Pippi i Söderhavet (1999, animated) - director: Paul Riley
Karlsson på taket (2002, animated) - director: Vibeke Idsøe
See also
Portal|Children's literature
Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award
List of Swedish language writers
Notes
reflist
References
Astrid Lindgren - en levnadsteckning. Margareta Strömstedt. Stockholm, Rabén & Sjögren, 1977.
Paul Berf, Astrid Surmatz (ed.): Astrid Lindgren. Zum Donnerdrummel& #33; Ein Werk-Porträt. Zweitausendeins, Frankfurt 2000 ISBN 3-8077-0160-5
Vivi Edström: Astrid Lindgren. Im Land der Märchen und Abenteuer. Oetinger, Hamburg 1997 ISBN 3-7891-3402-3
Maren Gottschalk: Jenseits von Bullerbü. Die Lebensgeschichte der Astrid Lindgren. Beltz & Gelberg, Weinheim 2006 ISBN 3-407-80970-0
Jörg Knobloch (ed.): Praxis Lesen: Astrid Lindgren: A4-Arbeitsvorlagen Klasse 2-6, AOL-Verlag, Lichtenau 2002 ISBN 3-89111-653-5
Sybil Gräfin Schönfeldt : Astrid Lindgren. 10. ed., Rowohlt, Reinbek 2000 ISBN 3-499-50371-9
Margareta Strömstedt: Astrid Lindgren. Ein Lebensbild. Oetinger, Hamburg 2001 ISBN 3-7891-4717-6
Astrid Surmatz: Pippi Långstrump als Paradigma. Die deutsche Rezeption Astrid Lindgrens und ihr internationaler Kontext. Francke, Tübingen, Basel 2005 ISBN 3-7720-3097-1
Metcalf, Eva-Maria: Astrid Lindgren. New York, Twayne, 1995.
External links
Commons|Astrid Lindgren
http://www.astridlindgren.se/ Astrid Lindgren's works — Official site produced by license holders
IMDb name|id=0511807|name=Astrid Lindgren
http://www.astridlindgrensworld.com/ Astrid Lindgren's World — Amusement Park official site
http://www.astridlindgrensnas.se/ Astrid Lindgrens Näs — Official site produced by the Astrid Lindgren-museum and culture center Astrid Lindgrens Näs in Vimmerby
http://www.rightlivelihood.se/recip/lindgren.htm Astrid Lindgren — Right Livelihood Award (1994)
http://falcon.jmu.edu/~ramseyil/lindgren.htm Astrid Lindgren — A fan site
http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/alindgr.htm Astrid Lindgren (1907-2002) — Biography of Astrid Lindgren. Includes bibliography, with date and English translation of title.
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/database/MasterCatalog? sc=1995-002B Astrid spacecraft description — NASA 's National Space Science Data Center site
http://www.famousauthors.org/astrid-lindgren Astrid Lindgren - Astrid Lindgren's Profile on FamousAuthors.org
Pippi LongstockingHans Christian Andersen Medal Persondata|NAME=Lindgren, Astrid |ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Lindgren, Astrid Anna Emilia; née Ericsson |SHORT DESCRIPTION= Sweden|Swedish Children's literature|children's book author |DATE OF BIRTH=14 November 1907 |PLACE OF BIRTH=Näs, Vimmerby , Småland , Sweden |DATE OF DEATH=28 January 2002 |PLACE OF DEATH= Stockholm , Sweden DEFAULTSORT:Lindgren, Astrid Category:1907 births Category:2002 deaths Category:People from Vimmerby Municipality Category:Writers from Småland Category:Astrid Lindgren| Category:Sommar hosts Category:Swedish children's writers Category:Swedish screenwriters Category:Swedish fantasy writers Category:Swedish-language writers Category:Recipients of the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade Category:Blind people Category:Illis Quorum recipients Category:Hans Christian Andersen Award for Writing winners Category:Selma Lagerlöf Prize winners Category:Women science fiction and fantasy writers
