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Biography
Use mdy dates|date=July 2011Refimprove|date=February 2011Infobox musical artist | name = Buddy Rich| image = Buddy Rich.jpg| caption =| image_size = | background = non_vocal_instrumentalist| birth_name = Bernard Rich| alias = Traps the Drum Wonder (as a boy) and "B" (as an adult)| birth_date = birth date|1917|9|30|mf=y| death_date = death date and age|1987|4|2|1917|9|30|mf=y| Religion = Jewish| origin = Brooklyn , New York, US| instrument = Drums, percussion| genre = Jazz , big band , Swing music|swing , bebop | occupation = Musician, songwriter, bandleader, actor| years_active = 1919–1987| label =| associated_acts = Joe Marsala Bunny Berigan Artie Shaw Tommy Dorsey Benny Carter Harry James Les Brown (bandleader)|Les Brown Charlie Ventura Jazz at the Philharmonic Nat King Cole Ella Fitzgerald Gene Krupa and Louis Armstrong | website = http://www.buddyrich.com/| notable_instruments = Bernard "Buddy" Rich (September 30, 1917 – April 2, 1987) was an American Jazz drumming|jazz drummer and bandleader . Rich was billed as "the world's greatest drummer"Yanow, Scott. "Buddy Rich", Allmusic (Allmusic|class=artist|id=p7417|pure_url=yes link) Accessed August 31, 2007 and was known for his virtuosic technique, power, groove, and speed.
Early life
Rich was born in Brooklyn , New York, to Jewish vaudeville|vaudevillian s Robert and Bess Rich.Tormé, Mel. Traps, the Drum Wonder: The Life of Buddy Rich , Oxford University Press. 1991, p. 6. His talent for rhythm was first noted by his father, who saw that Buddy could keep a steady beat with spoons at the age of one. He began playing drums in vaudeville when he was 18 months old, billed as "Traps the Drum Wonder." At the peak of Rich's childhood career, he was reportedly the second-highest paid child entertainer in the world (after Jackie Coogan ).Barron, James, New York Times obituary, http://www.nytimes.com/1987/04/03/obituaries/buddy-rice-jazz-drummer-with-distinctive-sound-dies.html? pagewanted=1 "Buddy Rich...dies". 1987 April 3. Accessed March 9, 2010. At 11 he was performing as a bandleader. He received no formal drum instruction, and went so far as to claim that instruction would only degrade his musical talent. He also never admitted to practicing, claiming to play the drums only during performancesCitation needed|date=February 2010 and was not known to read music. He expressed great admiration for, and was influenced by, the playing of Chick Webb , Gene Krupa , Dave Tough , and Jo Jones , among others.Citation needed|date=February 2010
Jazz career
Rich first played jazz with a major group in 1937 with Joe Marsala and guitarist Jack Lemaire. He then played with Bunny Berigan (1938) and Artie Shaw (1939), and even instructed a 14-year-old Mel Brooks in drumming for a short period when playing for Shaw.Howard, Jeffrey K., FilmScoreMonthly.com http://www.filmscoremonthly.com/articles/2001/15_Aug---Lost_Issue_Mel_Brooks_Interview.asp "Mel Brooks Interview", 1997 At 21, Rich participated in his first major recording with the Vic Schoen Orchestra (the band that backed the Andrews Sisters ).cite web|url= http://www.jazz.com/encyclopedia/rich-buddy-bernard |title=Encyclopedia of Jazz – Buddy (Bernard) Rich |publisher=Jazz.com |accessdate=February 25, 2011 In 1938, he was also hired to play in Tommy Dorsey 's orchestra where he met and performed with Frank Sinatra . In 1942, Rich left the Dorsey band to join the United States Marine Corps. He rejoined the Dorsey group after leaving the Marines two years later. In 1946, Rich formed his own band with financial support from Sinatra, and continued to lead different groups on and off until the early fifties.Jazz.com, Encyclopedia of Jazz Musicians, http://www.jazz.com/encyclopedia/rich-buddy-bernard "Buddy (Bernard) Rich". Accessed February 28, 2010.Mel Tormé, in Traps—The Drum Wonder—The Life of Buddy Rich (1991), says that the amount received from Sinatra was $25,000 (and another $25,000 came later), but makes no mention of the exact circumstances.
In addition to Tommy Dorsey (1939–1942, 1945, 1954–1955), Rich also played with Benny Carter (1942), Harry James (1953-1956–1962, 1964, 1965), Les Brown (bandleader)|Les Brown , Charlie Ventura , and Jazz at the Philharmonic , as well as leading his own band and performing with all-star groups. In the early fifties Rich played with Dorsey and also began to perform with trumpeter Harry James, an association which lasted until 1966. In 1966, Rich left James in order to develop a new big band. For most of the period from 1966 until his death, he led successful big band s in an era when the popularity of big bands had waned from their 1930s and 40s peak. In this later period, Rich continued to play clubs but he had stated in multiple interviews that the great majority of his big band's performances were at high schools, colleges and universities, with club performances done to a much lesser degree. Rich also served as the session drummer for many recordings, where his playing was often much more understated than in his own big-band performances. Especially notable were Rich's sessions for the late-career comeback recordings of Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong , on which he worked with pianist Oscar Peterson and his famous trio featuring bassist Ray Brown (musician)|Ray Brown and guitarist Herb Ellis .
Drumming technique and well known performances
Rich's technique has been one of the most standardized and coveted in drumming. His dexterity, musicality of playing style, speed and smooth execution are considered "holy grails" of drum technique and have been considered next to impossible to duplicate. While Rich typically held his sticks using traditional grip , he was also a skilled " match grip " player, and was one of few drummers to master the one-handed drum roll|roll on both hands. Some of his more spectacular moves are crossover riffs, where he would criss-cross his arms from one drum to another, sometimes over the arm, and even under the arm at great speed.
He often used contrasting techniques to keep long drum solos from getting mundane. Aside from his energetic explosive displays, he would go into quieter passages. One passage he would use in most solos starts with a simple single-stroke roll on the snare picking up speed and power, then slowly moving his sticks closer to the rim as he gets quieter and then eventually playing on just the rim itself while still maintaining speed. Then he would reverse the effect and slowly move towards the center of the snare while increasing power.
Rich also demonstrated incredible skill at Drum stick#Brushes|brush technique. On one album, 1955's The Lionel Hampton Art Tatum Buddy Rich Trio , Rich plays brushes almost exclusively throughout.
Another Rich technique that few drummers have been able to perfect is the stick-trick – a fast roll performed by slapping two drumsticks together in a circular motion.
In 1942, Rich and drum teacher Henry Adler co-authored the instructional book ''Buddy Rich's Modern Interpretation of Snare Drum Rudiments, regarded as one of the more popular snare-drum rudiment books.Citation needed|date=January 2011
One of Adler's former students introduced Adler to Rich. "The kid told me Buddy played better than Gene Krupa. Buddy was only in his teens at the time and his friend was my first pupil. Buddy played and I watched his hands. Well, he knocked me right out. He did everything I wanted to do, and he did it with such ease. When I met his folks, I asked them who his teacher was. 'He never studied,' they told me. That made me feel very good. I realized that it was something physical, not only mental, that you had to have."
In a 1985 interviewCitation needed|date=December 2007, Adler clarified the extent of his teacher-student relationship to Rich and their collaboration on the instructional book:
"I had nothing to do with the rumor that I taught Buddy how to play. That was a result of Tommy Dorsey's introduction to the Buddy Rich book," Adler said. "I used to go around denying it, knowing that Buddy was a natural player. Sure, he studied with me, but he didn't come to me to learn how to hold the drumsticks. I set out to teach Buddy to read. He'd take six lessons, go on the road for six weeks and come back. He didn't have time to practice."Citation needed|date=November 2007 "Tommy Dorsey wanted Buddy to write a book and he told him to get in touch with me. I did the book and Tommy wrote the foreword. Technically, I was Buddy's teacher, but I came along after he had already acquired his technique."Citation needed|date=December 2007 When asked about Rich's ability to read music, Bobby Shew , lead trumpeter in Rich's mid-60s big band replied, :"No. He’d always have a drummer there during rehearsals to read and play the parts initially on new arrangements... He’d only have to listen to a chart once and he’d have it memorized. We'd run through it and he'd know exactly how it went, how many measures it ran and what he'd have to do to drive it... The guy had the most natural instincts." JazzWax.com , http://www.jazzwax.com/2010/02/bobby-shew-on-budy-rich-part-2.html "Bobby Shew on Buddy Rich, Part 2 / Part 3" 2010 February 24, 25.
The West Side Story Medley
Perhaps his most popular later performance was a big band arrangement of a medley derived from the Leonard Bernstein classic West Side Story (musical)|West Side Story , first released on the 1966 album ''Buddy Rich's Swingin' New Big Band
The West Side Story medley is a complex and difficult-to-perform big-band arrangement which highlights Rich's remarkable ability to blend the rhythm of his drumming into his band's playing of the musical chart. Penned by Bill Reddie, Rich received the West Side Story arrangement of Leonard Bernstein 's melodies from the famed Musical theater|musical in the mid-1960s and found it to be very challenging even for him. It consists of many rapid-fire time changes and signatures and took almost a month of constant rehearsals to perfect. It since became a staple in all his performances, clocking in at various lengths from seven to fifteen minutes. Bernstein himself had nothing but praise for it.Citation needed|date=July 2007 In 2002, a DVD was released called The Lost West Side Story Tapes that captured a 1985 performance of this along with other numbers.Bowers, Jack. "Buddy Rich: The Lost Tapes", All About Jazz ( http://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/article.php? id=20044 link) December 9, 2005. Accessed June 27, 2007 These tapes had been previously thought to have been lost in a fire. Rich's ability to create spontaneous drum solos that matched and melded with the musical intricacies and intensity of big band scores was chief among his musical brilliance.
Channel One Suite
After the West Side Story Medley, Rich's most famous performance was the Channel One Suite by Bill Reddie. Like the West Side Story Medley, the Channel One Suite generally was a quite long performance ranging from about 12 minutes to about 26 minutes and usually contained 2 or 3 drum solos. Although 26 minute performances of the Channel One Suite were not incredibly common, they were not unheard of. A recording of one of his live performances was released in 2006 which contained a 26 minute Channel One Suite.Channel One Suite DVD http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0372810/ Buddy Rich and His Band: Channel One Suite (1985) at imdb.com. Accessed June 1, 2008.
In Italy , Rich's version of Winning the West was from 1973 to 1976 the musical theme of a weekly TV sports magazine broadcast, La domenica sportiva .
TV appearances
In the 1950s, Rich was a frequent guest on The Steve Allen Show and other television variety shows.Numerous sources include Scott Yanow : Jazz on Film: The Complete Story of the Musicians & Music Onscreen (2004 ISBN 0879307838), and Ben Alba : Inventing Late Night: Steve Allen and the Original Tonight Show (2005 ISBN 1591023424). Beginning in 1962, Rich was also a frequent guest on Johnny Carson 's Tonight Show and The Merv Griffin Show , among others, and appeared with his Big Band on British television, on Michael Parkinson 's talk show Parkinson (TV series)|Parkinson and on the Terry Wogan Show (the last on October 29, 1986, only a few months prior to his death). http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0723608/filmoyear imdb.com. Accessed April 5, 2010. Along with singer Buddy Greco and comedian George Carlin , Rich starred in a 1967 summer replacement television series called Away We Go .cite web|url= http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0061235/|title=Away We Go|year=1967|publisher=IMDB|accessdate=12 October 2011 One of his most widely seen television performances was in a 1981 episodecite web|url= http://muppet.wikia.com/wiki/Episode_522:_Buddy_Rich |title=Episode 522: Buddy Rich – Muppet Wiki |publisher=Muppet.wikia.com |date=February 14, 2011 |accessdate=February 25, 2011 of The Muppet Show , where he engaged Muppet drummer Dr. Teeth and The Electric Mayhem#Animal|"Animal" (played by Ronnie Verrell ) in a drum battle. Rich also made guest appearances on the TV shows '' Here's Lucy and Hee Haw .
In an episode of Michael Parkinson 's British talk show, Parkinson kidded Rich about his Donny Osmond kick, by claiming that Rich was the president of The Osmonds ' fan club.Citation needed|date=February 2011
Instruments
Unreferenced section|date=September 2010Buddy was known as a performer and endorser of Slingerland Radio King , and Rogers Drums . He switched to Ludwig-Musser|Ludwig drums for much of the 1970s to the early 1980s. While recovering from a heart attack in 1959, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,828415,00.html "Buddy, the Drum Wonder", Time magazine, November 18, 1966. Accessed October 5, 2010 Rich was presented with an original Slingerland Radio King 5X14 wood snare drum completely reconditioned by the Eames drum company. Later, a mismatched Radio King set was completely refurbished for Rich and he used that set right up to his death in 1987. His typical setup included a 14"X26" bass drum, 9"X13" mounted tom, two 16"X16" floor toms (although he rarely used the second tom where he would simply place a towel on the surface), and a 5"X14" snare drum. His cymbals were typically Zildjian consisting of standard 14" hi hats, 20" ride, either a 6" or 8" splash, two 18" crashes, and a 20" swish.
Personality
Although Rich was usually helpful and friendly, he had a short temper. While he threatened many times to fire members of his band, he seldom did so, and for the most part he lauded his band members during television and print interviews. Dusty Springfield allegedly slapped Rich after several days of "putting up with Rich's insults and show-biz sabotage."cite web|url= http://www.dustyspringfield.info/2643.html |title=www.dustyspringfield.info |publisher=www.dustyspringfield.info |accessdate=February 25, 2011cite web|url= http://www.powells.com/review/2001_11_09.html |title=www.powells.com |publisher=www.powells.com |date=November 9, 2001 |accessdate=February 25, 2011
In the Beastie Boys song " Sabotage (Beastie Boys)|Sabotage ", the lyrics "I'm Buddy Rich when I fly off the handle," referred to Rich's temper. Buddy Rich held a Black belt (martial arts)|black belt in karate , as mentioned in a CNN television interview with Larry King , c. 1985.
Band member and lifelong friend David Lucas (composer)|David Lucas says that "Rich had a soft heart underneath it all. His favorite song was "It's Not Easy Being Green".
The tapes
Rich's temper, mercurial attitude and imposing personality are documented in secret recordings that pianist Lee Musiker made during some of his tantrums on tour buses and backstage in the early 1980s.cite web|last=Milkowski |first=Bill |url= http://jazztimes.com/articles/20010-the-buddy-rich-tapes |title=Jazz Articles: The Buddy Rich Tapes – Jazz Articles |publisher=Jazztimes.com |accessdate=February 25, 2011 These recordings, long circulated in Bootleg recording|bootleg form, have done much to fuel the reputation of Rich's personality. The tapes were popular with comedians Jerry Seinfeld and Larry David , who used three quotes from them more or less verbatim on Seinfeld :
cite video| people = Jerry Seinfeld (Interviewee) |date = 2005 | title = Seinfeld Season 6 "Inside Looks" featurette on "The Understudy" | url = http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0697802/dvd | medium = DVD | publisher= Sony Pictures Home Entertainment | accessdate =June 24, 2007 | time = 00:04:04
"If I have to tell you again, we're gonna take it outside and I'm gonna show you what it's like!" (" The Opposite ")
"This guy – this is not my kind of guy." (" The Understudy (Seinfeld)|The Understudy ")
"Then let's see how he does, up there, without all the assistance!" (" The Butter Shave ")
On one recording, Rich threatens to fire Dave Panichi , a trombonist , for wearing a beard .Audio tape recording of Buddy Rich tirade – Transcription by Ientilucci, Emmett J. "Buddy Rich: World's Greatest Drummer, Audio Four" ( http://trackdrummer.com/other-services/buddy-rich-audio-page/ link). Accessed January, 2012"I Got Nothin’ for You", Dave Panichi discusses the Buddy Rich 'scream tapes' with Richard Cooke in The Monthly , July 2007 ( http://www.themonthly.com.au/node/576 link). Days before Rich died, he was visited by Mel Tormé , who claims that one of Rich's last requests was "to hear the tapes" that featured his angry outbursts.Citation needed|date=January 2011 At the time, Tormé was working on an authorized biography of Rich which was released after Rich's death, titled Traps, The Drum Wonder: The Life of Buddy Rich .
Death and legacy
Buddy Rich remained active performing until the end of his life. On April 2, 1987, Rich died of heart failure following surgery for a malignant brain tumor. He is interred in the Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles. He was 69.
Since Rich's death, a number of memorial concerts have been held. In 1994, the Rich tribute album Burning for Buddy: A Tribute to the Music of Buddy Rich was released. Produced by Rush (band)|Rush drummer/lyricist Neil Peart , the album features performances of Rich staples by a number of rock and jazz drummers such as Kenny Aronoff , Matt Sorum , Dave Weckl , Steve Gadd , Vinnie Colaiuta , Max Roach , Steve Smith (musician)|Steve Smith , and Peart himself, accompanied by the Buddy Rich Big Band. A Burning for Buddy: A Tribute to the Music of Buddy Rich, Vol. 2|second volume was issued in 1997.
Discography
Studio and live albums as leader or co-leader
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1953: The Flip Phillips Buddy Rich Trio ( Clef Records )Norgran, Clef, Verve, Mercury, Pacific Jazz, etc. discographies at http://www.jazzdisco.org/ jazzdisco.org
1954: The Swinging Buddy Rich ( Norgran Records )
1955: Sing and Swing with Buddy Rich (Norgran)
1955: Buddy and Sweets (Norgran)
1955: The Lester Young Buddy Rich Trio (Norgran)
1955: The Wailing Buddy Rich (Norgran)
1955: Krupa and Rich (Clef) – with Gene Krupa
1955: The Lionel Hampton Art Tatum Buddy Rich Trio (Clef)
1956: Buddy Rich Sings Johnny Mercer ( Verve Records )
1956: '' This One's for Basie (Verve) – re-issued 1967 as Big Band Shout cite web|url= http://www.hepjazz.com/bios/buddyrich.html |title=www.hepjazz.com |publisher=www.hepjazz.com |accessdate=February 25, 2011
1957: Buddy Rich Just Sings (Verve)
1958: Buddy Rich in Miami (Verve)
1959: Richcraft ( Mercury Records ) – also The Rich Rebellion ( Wing Records|Wing )
1959: Rich versus Roach (Mercury) – with Max Roach
1959: The Voice is Rich (Mercury)
1960: The Driver (album)|The Driver ( EmArcy Records )
1961: Playtime (album)|Playtime ( Argo Records )
1961: Blues Caravan (Verve)
1962: '' Burnin' Beat (Verve) – with Gene Krupa
1965: Are You Ready for This? ( Roost Records|Roost ) – with Louie Bellson
1966: '' Swingin' New Big Band ( Pacific Jazz Records / Blue Note Records )
1966: '' The Sounds of '66 ( Reprise Records ) – Live, with Sammy Davis, Jr.
1967: Big Swing Face (Buddy Rich album)|Big Swing Face (Pacific Jazz) – Live
1967: The New One! (Pacific Jazz) – aka Take it Away
1968: Rich à la Rakha (World Pacific) – with Alla Rakha
1968: Mercy, Mercy (Pacific Jazz) – Live
1969: Buddy & Soul (Pacific Jazz) – Live
1970: Keep the Customer Satisfied (album)|Keep the Customer Satisfied ( Liberty Records ) – Live
1971: A Different Drummer ( RCA Records )
1971: Rich in London (RCA) – expanded UK release = ''Buddy Rich: Very Alive at Ronnie Scott's (RCA (UK)) – Live
1972: Stick It (Buddy Rich album)|Stick It (RCA)
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1973: '' The Roar of '74 ( Groove Merchant Records)
1974: '' Very Live at Buddy's Place (Groove Merchant) – Live
1974: The Last Blues Album, Vol. 1 (Groove Merchant)
1975: Big Band Machine (Groove Merchant)
1976: Speak No Evil (Buddy Rich album)|Speak No Evil (RCA)
1977: Buddy Rich Plays and Plays and Plays (RCA)
1977: Lionel Hampton Presents Buddy Rich (Who's Who In Jazz) – aka ''Buddy's Cherokee... also released as The Sound of Jazz, Vol 10
1977: '' Class of '78 (The Great American Gramophone Company) – also released as The Greatest Drummer That Ever Lived with The Best Band I Ever Had
1978: Together Again: For the First Time (Gryphon/Century) – aka When I Found You (with Mel Tormé )
1980: '' Live at Ronnie Scott's (Buddy Rich album)|Live at Ronnie Scott's (DRG) – Live. aka The Man from Planet Jazz
1981: The Buddy Rich Band ( MCA Records|MCA )
1983: Rich and Famous (Buddy Rich album)|Rich and Famous (Amway) – aka The Magic of Buddy Rich , aka Buddy Rich – The Man
1985: Mr. Drums: Buddy Rich & His Band Live on King Street|Mr. Drums: ...Live on King Street ( Mobile Fidelity Sound Lab|Cafe ) – "Live" in-studio concert recording. Also released on (2 separate) video discs
Posthumous releases of previously unreleased recordings
1993: ''Europe '77 (Magic)
2001: Wham& #33; The Buddy Rich Big Band Live (Label M)
2004: No Funny Hats (Lightyear)
Notable compilation albums
1960: The Drum Battle (Gene Krupa and Buddy Rich at Jazz at the Philharmonic|JATP ) (Verve)
1998: ''Buddy Rich: The Legendary '46–'48 Orchestra Vol. 2 (Hep)
2005: Classic EmArcy, Verve, Small Group Buddy Rich Sessions ( Mosaic Records #232) – 7 CD Box set
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References
Reflist|30em
External links
commons categoryPortal|Biography
http://www.buddyrich.com/ Official website
http://www.drummerworld.com/drummers/Buddy_Rich.html Buddy Rich on Drummerworld
http://www.en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Buddy_Rich Buddy Rich at Wikiquote
Allmusic|class=artist|id=p7417|label=Buddy Rich (Discography and brief biography)
Find a Grave|1176
Buddy Rich discography Persondata | NAME = Rich, Buddy | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = Jazz drummer and bandleader | DATE OF BIRTH = September 30, 1917 | PLACE OF BIRTH = | DATE OF DEATH = April 2, 1987 | PLACE OF DEATH = DEFAULTSORT:Rich, Buddy Category:1917 births Category:1987 deaths Category:American jazz drummers Category:American jazz composers Category:Bebop drummers Category:Big band drummers Category:Cancer deaths in California Category:Deaths from brain cancer Category:Deaths from heart failure Category:Jazz bandleaders Category:Mainstream jazz drummers Category:Musicians from New York Category:People from Brooklyn Category:Swing drummers Category:Vaudeville performers Category:RCA Records artists Category:American Jews
