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Biography
Other uses2|ClichéA cliché or cliche (pronounced IPA-en|'kli??e?|UK, IPA-en|kl?'?e?|US) is an expression, idea, or element of an artistic work which has been overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect, especially when at some earlier time it was considered meaningful or novel. In phraseology , the term has taken on a more technical meaning, referring to any Phraseme#Clichés|expression imposed by conventionalized linguistic usage . The term is frequently used in modern culture for an action or idea which is expected or predictable, based on a prior event. Typically a pejorative, "clichés" are not always false or inaccurate; a cliché may or may not be true.Short Story Library http://shortstory.us.com/2009/05/thick-skin-and-writing-cliche-but-true/ Thick skin and writing, cliché, but true - Published By Casey Quinn • May 10th, 2009 • Category: Casey's Corner Some are stereotype|stereotypes , but some are simply truism s and fact s. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Cliche The Free Dictionary - Cliche Clichés are often employed for comic effect, typically in fiction.
Most phrases now considered clichéd were originally regarded as striking, but lost their force through overuse.Cite book | last1 = Mason | first1 = David | authorlink1 = David Mason (writer) | last2 = Nims | first2 = John Frederick | authorlink2 = John Frederick Nims | year = 1999 | title = Western Wind: An Introduction to Poetry | publisher = McGraw-Hill | pages = 126& ndash;127 | isbn = 0-07-303180-1 In this connection, David Mason and John Frederick Nims cite a particularly harsh judgement by Salvador Dalí : "The first man to compare the cheeks of a young woman to a rose was obviously a poet; the first to repeat it was possibly an idiot."Cite book | last = Dalí | first = Salvador | authorlink = Salvador Dalí | year = 1968 | chapter = Preface | title = Dialogues with Marcel Duchamp | editor = Pierre Cabanne | publisher = Da Capo Press | page = 13 | edition = 1987 | isbn = 0-306-80303-8
A cliché is often a vivid depiction of an abstraction that relies upon analogy or exaggeration for effect, often drawn from everyday experience. Used sparingly, they may succeed. However, cliché in writing or speech is generally considered a mark of inexperience or unoriginality.
Origin
The word is borrowed from French language|French . In printing, a cliché was a printing plate cast from movable type . This is also called a stereotype (printing)|stereotype .cite web|title=The Museum of Printing: Collection|url= http://www.museumofprinting.org/Collection.html|publisher=The Museum of Printing|accessdate=13 March 2009 When letters were set one at a time, it made sense to cast a phrase used repeatedly as a single slug of metal. "Cliché" came to mean such a ready-made phrase. The French word “cliché” is said to come from the sound made when the molten stereotyping metal is poured onto the matrix to make a printing plate,cite book | chapter = cliche | year = n.d | title = The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition | url = http://education.yahoo.com/reference/dictionary/entry/cliche | accessdate = 2010-10-21 though some authorities, who have not heard a casting, express doubt.cite book | title = Dictionary.com Unabridged | chapter = cliché | year = n.d | url = http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cliche | accessdate = 2010-21-2cite web | last = Harper | first = Douglas | title = cliche | work = Online Etymology Dictionary | url = http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cliche | accessdate = 2010-10-21
Usage
Cliché is a noun that is also used as an adjective,cite book | chapter = cliché | title = Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary | year = 2010 | url = http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/cliche | accessdate = 2010-21-2 although some dictionaries do not recognize the adjectival sense.cite book | last = Brown | first = Lesley, editor | title = New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary | year = 1993 | chapter = cliché | publisher = Clarendon Press | isbn = 0-19-861271-0 All dictionaries consulted recognize a derived adjective with the same meaning, clichéd or ''cliché'd .
cite book|title=On Clichés: The Supersedure of Meaning by Function in Modernity|publisher=Routledge|year=1979|isbn=0-7100-0186-X|isbn13=9780710001863|author=Anton C. Zijderveld
cite book|title=The Dialect of the Tribe|author=Margery Sabin|chapter=The Life of English Idiom, the Laws of French Cliché|pages=10& ndash;25|publisher=Oxford University Press US|year=1987|isbn=0-19-504153-4|isbn13=9780195041538
cite journal|journal=Poetics Today|volume=21|issue=3|date=Summer 2000|author=Veronique Traverso and Denise Pessah|title=Stereotypes et cliches: Langue, discours, societe|pages=463& ndash;465|publisher=Duke University Press|doi=10.1215/03335372-21-2-463
cite journal|title="Everybody Has Their Own Ideas": Responding to Cliche in Student Writing|jstor=358494|author=Skorczewski, Dawn|journal=College Composition and Communication|volume=52|issue=2|pages=220& ndash;239|date=December 2000|doi=10.2307/358494
cite journal|title=The Cliché in the Reading Process|author=Ruth Amossy and Chutiya Terese Lyons|journal=SubStance|volume=11|issue=2.35|year=1982|pages=34& ndash;45|publisher=University of Wisconsin Press|doi=10.2307/3684023|jstor=3684023
cite book
| last1 = Sullivan | first1 = Frank | authorlink1 = Frank Sullivan (writer) | editor-last = Crane | editor-link = | title = The Roosevelt Era | origyear = 1938 | year = 1947 | publisher = Boni and Gaer | location = New York | oclc = 275967 | pages = 237–242 | chapter = The Cliche Expert Testifies as a Roosevelt Hater | quote = Mr. Arbuthnot: No sir& #33; Nobody is going to tell me how to run my business. Q: Mr. Arbuthnot, you sound like a Roosevelt hater. A: I certainly am. Q: In that case, perhaps you could give us an idea of some of the cliches your set is in the habit of using in speaking of Mr. Roosevelt ... | ref = From A Pearl in Every Oyster, by Frank Sullivan. Originally published in The New Yorker, 1938 | editor2-first = Milton
External links
Wiktionary
http://suspense.net/whitefish/cliche.htm Clichés: Avoid Them Like the Plague – list of clichéd phrases
http://www.moviecliches.com/ The Movie Clichés List – list of clichés in films
http://www.life.com/image/first/in-gallery/51791/where-cliches-come-from Where Cliches Come From - slideshow by Life magazine
http://cliche-a-day.blogspot.com How to Slay a Cliché - growing list of common clichés and how to recast or rewrite them.
