Cliff Richard

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Biography

Sir Cliff Richard , Order of the British Empire|OBE (born Harry Rodger Webb ; 14 October 1940) is a British pop singer, musician, performer, actor, and Philanthropy|philanthropist . With his backup band|backing group The Shadows , Richard, originally positioned as a rebellious rock and roll singer in the style of Little Richard and Elvis Presley , dominated the British popular music scene in the pre- The Beatles|Beatles period of the late 1950s and early 1960s. His 1958 hit single " Move It " is often described as Britain's first authentic rock and roll song, and John Lennon once claimed that "before Cliff and the Shadows, there had been nothing worth listening to in British music." (Obituary), The Times , 30 November 2005. A conversion to Christianity and subsequent softening of his music later led to a more Middle of the road (music)|middle of the road pop image, sometimes venturing into gospel music .

Over a 53-year career, Richard has become a fixture of the British entertainment world, amassing many gold and platinum discs and awards, including three Brit awards and two Ivor Novello awards. He has had more than 130 singles, albums and Extended play|EPs make the UK Top 20, more than any other artist and holds the record (with Elvis Presley ) as the only act to make the UK singles charts in all of its first six decades (1950s–2000s). He has achieved 14 UK No. 1 singles (or 18, depending on the counting methodology) and is the only singer to have had a No. 1 single in the UK in six consecutive decades: the 1950s through to the 2000s (discounting digital downloads and counting only CDs, he had a UK No. 1 single in the 2000s). Richard is the biggest selling singles artist of all time in the UK, with total sales of over 21& nbsp;million and has reportedly sold an estimated 250 million records worldwide.

Richard has never achieved the same impact in the United States despite eight US Top 40 singles, including the million-selling " Devil Woman " and " We Don't Talk Anymore ", the latter becoming the first to reach the Hot 100's top 40 in the 1980s by a singer who had been in the top 40 in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s. In Canada, Richard achieved moderate success in the 1980s with several albums reaching platinum status. He has remained a popular music, film, and television personality in Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Northern Europe and Asia, and he retains a following in other countries.

Biography

1940–58: Childhood

Harry Rodger Webb was born on 14 October 1940 at the King George Hospital, Victoria Street, in Lucknow , British Raj|India , to Rodger Oscar Webb, a manager for a catering contractor that serviced the Indian Railways , and his wife Dorothy Marie Dazely. Richard was baptised Harry Rodger Webb on 2 November 1940 at St Thomas's Church, Dehradun , India. The family lived in a modest home with other Anglo-Indians at Maqbara, near the main shopping centre of Hazratganj . The Anglo-Indians living at Maqbara were often employed as musicians; a band played at the Royal Cafe Restaurant, Lucknow, and another at the Mohmmad Bagh club, which was the officers' club serving the garrison at Lucknow.Stark, Herbert Alick. Hostages To India: OR The Life Story of the Anglo Indian Race. . London: The Simon Wallenberg Press: Vol 2: Anglo Indian Heritage Books Dorothy's mother served as the dormitory matron at the La Martiniere Girls' School. Anglo-Indians did not enjoy any great social status in India and were looked down upon by the British. Richard has three sisters.When Piers Met Sir Cliff, ITV1 In around 1945, his family moved to Howrah , near Calcutta , where he started his schooling in St. Thomas' Church School, Howrah , which still exists.

In 1948, following Indian independence the family embarked on a three week sea voyage to Tilbury , Essex, England aboard the SS Ranchi . The Webbs moved from comparative wealth in India, where they had servants and lived in a company-supplied flat at Howrah near Calcutta , to a semi-detached house in Carshalton , Surrey (which was also the location of the school he attended, Stanley Park Juniors). In 1949 his father obtained employment in the credit control office of Thorn Electrical Industries and the family moved in with other relatives in Waltham Cross Hertfordshire , where he attended Kings Road Junior Mixed Infants School until a three-bedroom council house in Cheshunt was allocated to them in 1950. Harry Webb then attended Cheshunt Secondary Modern School, later renamed Riversmead School (later rebuilt and renamed Cheshunt School|Bishopslea School ) from 1952 to 1957. As a member of the top stream he stayed on beyond the minimum leaving age to take GCE Ordinary Level examinations and gained a pass in English literature . He then started work as a filing clerk for a company called Atlas Lamps. A development of flats, Cliff Richard Court, has been named after him in Cheshunt.

Harry Webb became interested in skiffle . His father bought him a guitar at 16 and he formed the Quintones vocal group in 1957. He then sang in the Dick Teague Skiffle Group.

1958–63: Success and stardom

Harry Webb became lead singer of a rock and roll group, The Drifters (not to be confused with The Drifters|the US group of the same name ). 1950s entrepreneur Harry Greatorex wanted the up and coming Rock 'n' Roll singer to change from his real name of Harry Webb. The name Cliff was adopted as it sounded like cliff face, which suggested "Rock." It was " Move It " writer Ian Samwell who suggested that the former Harry Webb be surnamed Richard as a tribute to Webb's musical hero Little Richard . Before their first large-scale appearance, at the Regal Ballroom in Ripley, Derbyshire in 1958, they adopted the name "Cliff Richard and the Drifters". The four members were Harry Webb (now going under the stage name "Cliff Richard"), Ian Samwell|Ian "Sammy" Samwell on guitar, Terry Smart on drums and Norman Mitham on guitar. None of the other three played with the later and better known The Shadows|Shadows , although Samwell wrote songs for Richard's later career.

For his debut session, Norrie Paramor provided Richard with "Schoolboy Crush", a cover song|cover of an American record by Bobby Helms . Richard was permitted to record one of his own songs for the B-side ; this was " Move It ", written by the Drifters' Samwell on a number 715 Green Line Coaches|Green Line bus on the way to Richard's house for a rehearsal. For the "Move It" session Paramor used the session guitarist Ernie Shears on lead guitar and Frank Clark on bass.

There are a number of stories about why the A-side was replaced by the intended B-side. One is that Norrie Paramor's young daughter raved about the B-side; another was that influential TV producer Jack Good (producer)|Jack Good , who used the act for his TV show Oh Boy& #33; (TV series)|Oh Boy! , wanted the only song on his show to be "Move It".Richard himself stated that the latter theory is correct; interviewed for the first episode of the BBC Four programme, Pop Britannia , broadcast on 4 January 2008. Richard was quoted as saying -
NME - September 1958

The single went to No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart . Music critics Roy Carr and Tony Tyler wrote that it was the first genuine British rock classic, followed by Johnny Kidd and the Pirates ' " Shakin' All Over ". John Lennon was quoted as saying that "Move It" was the first English rock record.

In the early days, Richard was marketed as the British equivalent to Elvis Presley . Like previous British rockers such as Tommy Steele and Marty Wilde , Richard adopted Presley-like dress and hairstyle. In performance he struck a pose of rock attitude, rarely smiling or looking at the audience or camera. His late 1958 and early 1959 follow-up singles, " High Class Baby " and " Livin' Lovin' Doll ", were followed by " Mean Streak (Cliff Richard song)|Mean Streak ", which carried a rocker's sense of speed and passion, and Lionel Bart 's " Living Doll (song)|Living Doll ". It was on "Living Doll" that the Drifters began to back Richard on record. It was his fifth record,and became his first No. 1 single. By that time the group's lineup had changed with the arrival of Jet Harris , Tony Meehan , Hank Marvin , and Bruce Welch . The group was obliged to change its name to "The Shadows" after legal complications with the US The Drifters|Drifters as "Living Doll" entered the American top 40, licensed by ABC-Paramount . "Living Doll" was used in Richard's debut film Serious Charge , but as a country standard, rather than a rock and roll standard.

The Shadows were not a typical backing group. They would become contractually separate from Richard, and the group received no royalties for records backing Richard. In 1959, The Shadows (then still the Drifters) landed an EMI recording contract of their own, for independent recordings. That year, they released three singles, two of which featured double-sided vocals and one of which had instrumental A and B sides. In 1960, they recorded and released " Apache (single)|Apache " this time using Richard as a session percussionist playing Chinese drums to open and close this single. Reaching the top of the charts in more than one country, the single set The Shadows on a path of their own. They thereafter had several major hits, including five UK No. 1s. The band also continued to appear and record with Richard and wrote many of his hits. On more than one occasion, a Shadows' instrumental replaced a Richard song at the top of the British charts.

Richard's fifth single "Living Doll" triggered a softer, more relaxed, sound. Subsequent hits, the No. 1s " Travellin' Light " and " I Love You (Cliff Richard song)|I Love You " and also "A Voice in the Wilderness" lifted from his film "Expresso Bongo" and " Theme for a Dream " cemented Richard's status as a mainstream pop entertainer along with contemporaries such as Adam Faith and Billy Fury . Throughout the early sixties his hits were consistently in the top five.

In 1961, EMI records organised Richard's 21st birthday party at its London headquarters in Manchester Square led by his producer Norrie Paramor. Photographs of the celebrations were incorporated into Richard's next album "21 Today" in which Tony Meehan joined in despite, then, having very recently left the Shadows to be replaced by Brian Bennett.

Typically, The Shadows closed the first half of the show with a 30-minute set of their own, then backed Richard on his show-closing 45-minute stint as exemplified by the retrospective CD album release of "Live at the ABC Kingston 1962". Tony Meehan and Jet Harris left the group in 1961 and 1962 respectively and later had their own chart successes for Decca Records|Decca . The Shadows added bass players Brian Locking (1962–63) and then John Rostill (1963–1968) and took on Brian Bennett (musician)|Brian Bennett permanently on drums.

In the early days, particularly on EP and album releases, Richard sometimes recorded without The Shadows in order to cater to other styles with The Norrie Paramor Orchestra with Tony Meehan and then Brian Bennett as a session drummer. Even after the Beatles' rise he continued to achieve hits, although more often with an orchestra rather than The Shadows: a revival of " It's All in the Game (song)|It's All In The Game " and "Constantly". A session under the direction of Billy Sherrill in Nashville, Tennessee|Nashville yielded two more top two hits: "The Minute You're Gone" and "Wind Me Up" in 1965.

Richard, and in particular The Shadows, never achieved star status in the United States. In 1960 they toured the US and were well-received; however, lacklustre support and distribution from a revolving door of American record labels proved an obstacle to long-term success Stateside despite several chart records by Richard including the aforementioned " It's All in the Game (song)|It's All In The Game " on Epic, via a renewed linking of the worldwide Columbia labels after Philips ended its distribution deal with CBS. To the Shadows' chagrin, Apache (single)|Apache reached No. 1 in the US via a cover version by Danish guitarist Jorgen Ingmann which was virtually unchanged from their worldwide hit, save a sound effect Ingmann added evoking whooshing arrows in flight created by flicking his fingers on the fretboard. Richard and the band appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show , which was crucial for The Beatles , but these performances did not help them gain sustained success in North America.

Richard and The Shadows appeared in six feature film s all commercially successful,(although the films title was changed to suit various countries' markets), including a rather odd debut in the 1959 film Serious Charge but most notably in The Young Ones (film)|The Young Ones , (the The Young Ones (song)|title song being his biggest Hit single|hit up to " Mistletoe and Wine "), Summer Holiday (1963 film)|Summer Holiday (which featured a slimmed-down Richard with visible dancing skills), Wonderful Life (1964 film)|Wonderful Life and Finders Keepers (1966 film)|Finders Keepers . These films created their own genre known as the "Cliff Richard musical" and led to Richard being named the second biggest star at the British box office in 1962. The irreverent 1980s Television|TV British sitcom|sitcom The Young Ones (TV series)|The Young Ones took its name from Richard's 1962 film, and also made references to the singer. In 1966, Richard and the Shadows appeared as marionettes in the Gerry Anderson film Thunderbirds Are GO . In the summer of 1963 Cliff and the Shadows appeared for a season in Blackpool , where Richard had his portrait modelled by Victor Heyfron, M.A.

1964–75: Changing circumstances

As with the other existing rock acts in Britain, Richard's career was affected by the sudden advent of The Beatles and the Beat music|Mersey sound in 1963 and 1964. However, his popularity was established enough to allow him to weather the storm and continue to have hits in the charts throughout the 1960s, albeit not at the level that he had enjoyed before. Nor did doors open to him in the US market; he was not considered part of the British Invasion , and despite four Hot 100 hits (including the top 25 "It's All In The Game") between August 1963 and August 1964, the US public had little awareness of him. However, he continued having international hits, including 1967's "The Day I Met Marie", which reached No. 10 in the UK Singles Chart and No. 5 in the ARIA Chart|Australian charts, and is considered a quintessential summer hit, due to its summery nature.

Although Baptism|baptised as an Anglican , Richard did not appear to practise the faith in his early years. However, in 1964, he became an active Christian and this embrace of the faith has become an important aspect of his life. Standing up publicly as a Christian affected his career in several ways. Initially, he believed that he should quit rock 'n roll, feeling he could no longer be the rocker who had been called a "crude exhibitionist" and "too sexy for TV" and a threat to parents' daughters. However, by the time Richard converted, his image had become tamer because of his film roles and well-spoken manners on radio and TV. Richard intended at first to "reform his ways" and become a teacher, but Christian friends advised him not to abandon his career just because he had become a Christian. Soon after, Richard re-emerged, performing with Christian groups and recording some Christian material. He still recorded secular songs with the Shadows, but devoted a lot of his time to Christian work, including appearances with the Billy Graham (evangelist)|Billy Graham crusades. As time progressed, Richard balanced his faith and work, enabling him to remain one of the most popular singers in Britain as well as one of its best-known Christians. He was a leading figure in the Nationwide Festival of Light during 1971, protesting against the commercial exploitation of sex and violence in Britain, and advocating the teaching of Christ as the key to recovering moral stability in the nation.
Richard's first serious acting role took place in the 1967 film Two a Penny , released by Billy Graham's World Wide Pictures , in which he played Jamie Hopkins, a young man who gets involved in drug dealing while questioning his life after his girlfriend changes her attitude. He released the live album "Cliff in Japan" in 1967.

In 1968, he sang the UK's entry in the Eurovision Song Contest : " Congratulations (song)|Congratulations " by Bill Martin (musician)|Bill Martin and Phil Coulter ; it lost by just one point to Spain's " La, la, la|La La La ". According to John Kennedy O'Connor 's The Eurovision Song Contest—The Official History , this was the closest result yet in the contest and Richard locked himself in the toilet to avoid the nerves of the voting.O'Connor, John Kennedy. Richard says: Spain is the best of Eurovision Song Contest. In May 2008 a Reuters news report claimed that voting in the competition had been fixed by the Spanish dictator leader, Francisco Franco , to ensure that the Spanish entry won, allowing them to host the contest the following year (1969). In particular, it is claimed that Spanish Televisión Española|TVE television executives offered to buy programmes in exchange for votes. The story was widely covered and featured on UK Channel 4 News as a main story, with Jon Snow interviewing author and historian John Kennedy O'Connor about the matter. Eurovision later ended voting by national juries in a bid to eradicate such alleged scams. Nevertheless, "Congratulations" was a huge hit throughout Europe and yet another No. 1 in April 1968.

After the Shadows split in 1968, Richard continued to record. He had already become accustomed to the Shadows' absence, and was able to record in a variety of settings. Although many of his earliest fans regretted that Richard had tried out songs which were not strictly in the rock 'n roll genre, most had got used to his habit of recording rockier material with the Shadows, while producing more middle-of-the-road material at other times; this versatility extended Richard's career prospects.
During the 1970s, Richard took part in several television shows and fronted his own show '' It's Cliff Richard! from 1970 - 1976. It starred Olivia Newton-John , Hank Marvin and Una Stubbs , and included A Song for Europe''. These shows, for a time, branded Richard as a television personality more than a recording artist. He began 1970 by appearing live on the BBC 's review of the sixties music scene, Pop Go The Sixties , which was broadcast across Britain and Europe on 31 December 1969. He performed "Bachelor Boy" with The Shadows and "Congratulations" solo. In 1972, he made a short BBC television comedy film called The Case with appearances from comedians and his first ever duets with a woman, Olivia Newton-John . He went on to release a double live album "Cliff Live in Japan 1972" featuring Newton-John.

His final acting role on the silver screen was in 1973 when he starred in the film, Take Me High .

In 1973, he sang the British Eurovision entry " Power to All Our Friends "; the song finished third, close behind Luxembourg's " Tu Te Reconnaîtras " and Spain's " Eres Tú (Mocedades song)|Eres Tú ". This time, Richard took Diazepam|Valium in order to overcome his nerves and his manager was almost unable to wake him for the performance.O'Connor, John Kennedy. The Eurovision Song Contest - The Official History. Carlton Books, UK. 2007. ISBN 978-1-84442-994-3 Richard also hosted the BBC's qualifying heat for the Eurovision Song Contest , A Song for Europe , in 1970, 1971 and 1972 as part of his BBCTV variety series. He presented the Eurovision Song Contest Previews for the BBC in 1971 and 1972.

In 1975, he released the single " Honky Tonk Angel (Cliff Richard song)|Honky Tonk Angel " produced by Hank Marvin and John Farrar, oblivious to its connotations or hidden meanings. As soon as Richard was notified that a honky-tonk angel was Southern US slang for a prostitute, Richard ordered EMI to withdraw it. He refused to promote it despite making a video for it. EMI agreed to his demand despite positive sales. About 1,000 copies are known to exist on vinyl. Subsequently, Richard was harassed by the British media about this single and in particular this apparent career 'anti-Christian' faux-pas. Thereafter, all of Richard's songs on any format were double checked by his management for any conflict with his faith.

1976–94: Comeback

In 1976, the decision was made to repackage Richard as a "rock" artist. That year he produced the landmark album '' I'm Nearly Famous '', which included the successful but controversial guitar-driven track " Devil Woman " (Richard's first true hit in the United States) and the ballad " Miss You Nights ". Richard's fans were excited about this revival of a performer who had been a part of British rock from its early days. Many music names such as Jimmy Page , Eric Clapton , and Elton John were seen sporting ''I'm Nearly Famous badges, pleased that their boyhood idol was getting back into the heavier rock in which he had begun his career. In the same year, Richard became the first occidental artist to tour the USSR at the height of the Cold War .

Notwithstanding this, Richard continued to release Gospel -tinged albums in parallel with his rock and pop albums, for example: Small Corners from 1978 contained the single " Yes He Lives ". Despite his 1976 comeback, this single failed to chart in the United Kingdom. In 1980, the singer would legally change his name by deed poll from Harry Webb to Cliff Richard. On 31 December 1976, he performed his latest single "Hey, Mr. Dream Maker" on BBC1's A Jubilee Of Music , celebrating British pop music for Queen Elizabeth II 's impending Silver Jubilee of Elizabeth II|Silver Jubilee .

In 1979, Richard teamed up with the producer The Shadows|Bruce Welch for the pop hit single " We Don't Talk Anymore ", written by Alan Tarney , which hit No. 1 in the UK and No. 7 in the US Bryan Ferry added hummed backing vocals to the song. The record gave Richard the distinction of becoming the first act to reach the Hot 100's top 40 in the 1980s who had also been there in each of the three previous decades. The song was quickly added onto the end of his latest album '' Rock 'n' Roll Juvenile . It was his first time at the top of the UK singles chart in over ten years, and the song would become his biggest-selling single ever. The accompanying music video was the sixth to appear on American cable channel MTV when it debuted on 1 August 1981. In 1980, Richard received the O.B.E. from the Queen for services to music and charity.

At long last he had some extended success in the United States following "Devil Woman". The follow-up "Dreamin'" peaked at No. 10. His 1980 duet " Suddenly (Xanadu song)|Suddenly " with Olivia Newton-John, from the film Xanadu (film)|Xanadu , peaked at No. 20. Richard continued with a string of top ten albums, including '' I'm No Hero , Wired for Sound , Now You See Me, Now You Don't , and, marking his 25th year in show business, Silver (Cliff Richard album)|Silver ''. The singles chart also saw his most consistent period of top twenty hits since the mid 1960s, with "A Little In Love", "Dreamin'", and "Suddenly" on the Hot 100 at the same time at the end of 1980. His 1985 single "She's So Beautiful" reached No. 17 in the UK. 1987 saw Richard record his Always Guaranteed album, which became his best selling album of all new material. It contained the two top ten hit singles " My Pretty One " and " Some People (Cliff Richard song)|Some People ". Richard concluded his thirtieth year in music by reaching No. 1 on the British singles chart with " Mistletoe and Wine ", while simultaneously holding the No. 1 positions on the album and video charts with the compilation Private Collection: 1979–1988|Private Collection summing up his biggest hits from 1979-1988. "Mistletoe and Wine" was his biggest seller to that point.

In 1986, Richard teamed up with The Young Ones (TV series)|The Young Ones to re-record his smash hit " Living Doll (song)|Living Doll " for the charity Comic Relief (charity)|Comic Relief . Along with the song, the recording contained comedy dialogue between Richard and The Young Ones. The release went to No. 1. That same year he opened in the West End theatre|West End as a rock musician called upon to defend Earth in a trial set in the Andromeda Galaxy in the multi-media Dave Clark (musician)|Dave Clark musical Time (musical)|Time . Two Richard singles, "She's So Beautiful" and "Born To Rock 'n Roll", were released respectively in 1985 and 1986 from the concept album recorded for Time . In 1989, Richard received the Brits highest award The Outstanding Achievement award.

Further top ten albums included Stronger (Cliff Richard album)|Stronger in 1989, which included the UK No. 2 hit "Best Of Me", and UK No. 3 " I Just Don't Have the Heart|Just Don't Have The Heart " written and produced by Mike Stock (musician)|Mike Stock , Matt Aitken and Pete Waterman , and From a Distance in 1990. Later that year, Richard scored his second UK Christmas No. 1 single with " Saviour's Day (song)|Saviour's Day ". Richard unsuccessfully bid for the Christmas No. 1 spot again with " We Should Be Together (Song)|We Should Be Together " and "Healing Love" in 1991 and 1993 respectively – the latter being taken from his No. 1 studio album Cliff Richard - The Album . The next few years saw Richard concentrate on bringing the musical Heathcliff (musical)|Heathcliff to the stage. The production was a resounding success, but the time it took seemed to take a toll on his reinvigorated chart status. Back in the UK during the next years and throughout the 1980s, Richard remained one of the best-known music artists in the country. In the space of a few years he worked with Elton John , Mark Knopfler , Julian Lennon , Freddie Mercury , Stevie Wonder , Phil Everly , Janet Jackson , Sheila Walsh (singer)|Sheila Walsh , and Van Morrison . Richard also reunited with Olivia Newton-John. In 1989, he filled the Wembley Stadium (1923)|Wembley Stadium for a few nights with a spectacular titled "The Event". Meanwhile, The Shadows later re-formed (and again split). They recorded on their own, but also reunited with Richard in 1978, 1984, and 1989–90 for some concerts. On 14 June 2004 Richard joined the Shadows on-stage at the London Palladium . The Shadows had decided to re-form for one final tour of the UK, with this concert heralded as their final ever concert as "Cliff and the Shadows".

1995–2007: Knighthood

Richard was Knight Bachelor|knighted by Queen Elizabeth II on 25 October 1995, the first rock star to be so honoured ( Bob Geldof had received his honorary knighthood a full nine years earlier, but not being either a British subject or British nationality law|British citizen , he is not permitted to use the title 'Sir').

In 1996, he famously led the Wimbledon Centre Court crowd in singing during a rain delay when asked by Wimbledon officials to entertain the crowd. Richard was not aware this performance was being televised by the BBC and after singing six of his golden greats, TV presenter Des Lynam commented on this and added jokingly "we'll probably get one hell of a bill".
In 1998, Richard demonstrated that radio stations were refusing to play his music by releasing his latest single "Can't Keep This Feeling In" on a white label under the pseudonym of Blacknight. The single was well regarded and featured on playlists until the true artist was revealed.

In 1999, controversy again arose regarding radio stations refusing to play his releases when EMI, Richard's label since 1958, refused to release his latest song, " The Millennium Prayer ". Richard took it to an independent label, Papillon, which released the charity recording (in aid of Children's Promise). The single went on to top the UK chart for three weeks, becoming his fourteenth No.1 and the third-highest-selling single of his career. Richard's next album, in 2001, was a covers project, Wanted (Cliff Richard album)|Wanted , followed by another top ten album, Cliff at Christmas . The holiday album contained both new and older recordings, including the single "Santa's List", which reached No. 5 in 2003.

For his seven day long 60th birthday party Richard in conjunction with OK magazine hired a cruise boat to Monte Carlo and sailed with his top 80 (out of a possible 500) specially invited guests, mostly from British showbiz, to France. Notable attendees were Olivia Newton-John, Shirley Bassey, Sue Barker, Gloria Hunniford, Tim Rice, Mike Read, Bobby Davro (a Cliff Richard impersonator), Richard's three sisters, etc. Notable non-attendees were all the members of The Shadows, except Bruce Welch, all of whom would have been shortlisted on Richard's original list of 500 guests.

Richard decamped to Nashville, Tennessee for his next album project in 2004, employing a writers' conclave to give him the pick of all new songs for the album '' Something's Goin' On ''. Though the collection was critically well-received, it had disappointing sales. Nevertheless it was yet another top ten album, and produced three top fifteen singles: "Something's Goin' On", "I Cannot Give You My Love", with Barry Gibb of the Bee Gees , and the lively "What Car". Richard did not hide his disappointment with the album's lacklustre sales, and it was speculated that it might have been his last ever album of original songs.

''Two's Company'', an album of duets released in 2006, was another top 10 success and included newly recorded material with Brian May , Dionne Warwick , Anne Murray , Barry Gibb and Daniel O'Donnell (Irish singer)|Daniel O'Donnell , plus some previously recorded duets with artists such as Phil Everly , Elton John and Olivia Newton-John. ''Two's Company was released to coincide with the UK leg of his latest world tour, "Here and Now", which included a number of lesser known but fan-favourite songs such as "My Kinda Life", "How Did She Get Here", "Hey Mr. Dream Maker", "For Life", "A Matter Of Moments", "When The Girl In Your Arms", "Every Face Tells A Story", "Peace In Our Time" and the Christmas single "21st Century Christmas", which debuted at No. 2 on the UK singles chart.

Another compilation album, Love... The Album was released on 12 November 2007. Like ''Two's Company'' before it, this album includes both previously released material and newly recorded songs, namely "Waiting For A Girl Like You", "When You Say Nothing At All", "All Out Of Love", "If You're Not the One" and "When I Need You" (the last was released as a single, reaching No. 38; the album peaked at No. 13). The concept of the project has divided fans who anticipate an album of new material.

2008–present: 50th anniversary and reunion

2008, Richard's 50th year in music, saw the release of the 8 CD box set '' And They Said It Wouldn't Last (My 50 Years In Music) ''. In September, a single celebrating his 50 years in pop music, titled "Thank You for a Lifetime" was released. On 14 September 2008 it reached No. 3 on the UK music charts. On 2 November 2008, British newspaper The Mail on Sunday gave away a free promotional CD entitled 50th Anniversary containing 12 tracks picked by Richard himself. On 11 November 2008, Richard's official website announced that 20 years after their latest concert together, Cliff and The Shadows would reunite to celebrate their 50th anniversary in the music business. A month later they performed at the Royal Variety Performance . In 2009 Cliff and The Shadows brought their partnership to an end with the "Golden Anniversary concert tour of the UK".

A new album by Richard and the Shadows was released in September 2009. Titled Reunited , It was their first studio project in forty years. The 28 tracks recorded comprise 25 re-recordings of their earlier classics, with three "new" tracks, originally from that era (and earlier), the single " Singing the Blues ", along with Eddie Cochran 's " C'mon Everybody " and the Frankie Ford hit " Sea Cruise ". The tracks are to be spread across the single and its bonus tracks, a limited edition version of the album, as well as a standard CD release. The album charted at No. 6 in the UK charts in its opening week and peaked at No. 4. The reunion tour continued into Europe in 2010. In June 2009, it was reported by Sound Kitchen Studios in Nashville that Richard was to return there shortly to record a new album of original recordings of jazz songs. He was to record fourteen tracks in a week.

Richard performed " Congratulations (song)|Congratulations " at the 70th birthday celebrations of Queen Margrethe II in Denmark on 13 April 2010.

On 14 October 2010, Richard celebrated his 70th birthday and to mark the occasion, he performed a series of six concerts at the Royal Albert Hall , London. Over 30,000 tickets for the concerts went on sale on 7 March and sold out within a few hours. To accompany the concerts, a new album of cover versions of Swing music|swing standards, Bold as Brass (Cliff Richard album)|Bold as Brass , was released on 11 October.

After a quick week of promotion, Richard flew out to rehearse for the German Night Of The Proms concerts in Belgium at the end of October. He made a surprise appearance at the Antwerp , Belgium concert of the Night Of The Proms on Thursday, 28 October 2010 and sang " We Don't Talk Anymore " to a great reaction from the surprised 20,000 fans at Sportpaleis Antwerp . In all, he toured 12 German cities in November and December 2010, during the Night Of The Proms concerts, as the headline act. The total of 18 concerts were attended by over 300,000 fans. Richard performed a selection of hits and tracks from the Bold As Brass album.

In Munich , Richard added his hand prints to the Munich Olympic Walk Of Stars during a break when the concerts were held there.

With the DVD release of Bold As Brass in November 2010, he achieved his third consecutive No. 1 music DVD in three years. It has so far achieved a total of eight weeks in the top 10 on the UK chart selling nearly 60,000 copies. It also charted in New Zealand, and Denmark in the top 10 and in Holland in the top 20—Selling a further 10,000 copies.

2011 saw Richard recording once again in the US for his Soulicious album, containing duets with American soul legends including Percy Sledge , Ashford and Simpson , Roberta Flack , Freda Payne , Peabo Bryson , Brenda Holloway and Candi Staton . The album is produced by Lamont Dozier with David Gest as executive producer. Released in October 2011, the album was supported by a short UK arena tour and gave Richard his 41st top ten UK hit album.

Lack of commercial support

Richard openly complains about the lack of commercial support he receives from radio stations and record labels. He spoke about this on The Alan Titchmarsh Show on ITV in December 2007, pointing out that while new bands needed airplay for promotion and sales, long-established artists like him also relied upon airplay for the same ends. He did note, however, that so-called eighties radio stations did play his records and that this went some way to help sales and maintain his media presence. In the recent BBC Radio 2 documentary "Cliff – Take Another Look", he pointed out that many documentaries charting the history of British music (e.g. '' I'm in a Rock 'n' Roll Band! ) fail to even mention him (or The Shadows).

In 2011, digital station Absolute Radio 60s, dedicated to playing popular music from the 1960s, announced they would not be playing any of Richard's records because they claimed they did not fit "the cool sound... we're trying to create". DJ Pete Mitchell (broadcaster)|Pete Mitchell claimed "Timeless acts of the decade that remain relevant today are The Beatles , The Rolling Stones|The Stones , The Doors and The Who , not Sir Cliff." Richard responded to this by saying "They're lying to themselves, and more importantly they're lying to the public."

Richard believes he is "the most radical rock star there has ever been". Richard's premise is that his decision not to adopt the "sex, drugs and alcohol" image expected of rock stars, then and now, was the truly avant-garde choice.

Career achievements

Richard holds many records for the number of concerts held at various venues around the world. In the UK he holds the record for most performances at the Royal Albert Hall, with over 80 performances at the venue with audiences reaching 450,000. He also holds the record for most shows at Wembley Arena, where he has performed at least 66 concerts to audiences of nearly 800,000. In Birmingham, Richard has performed at least 56 shows at the NIA (totalling 620,000 attendees), in addition to over 20 shows at the NEC arena. In Manchester Richard has performed at the MEN arena eight times with over 120,000 fans attending the shows. He appeared twice at Wembley Stadium in 1989 in celebration of his 30th year in music; over 144,000 fans attended the sold-out shows. Richard has also performed hundreds of times in Australia and New Zealand in cities including Melbourne , Sydney and Auckland , audience members totalling hundreds of thousands.

Personal life

Richard's father, Rodger Webb, died in 1961, and his mother, Dorothy in 2007. Dorothy suffered from dementia and in a 2006 interview with the Daily Mail , he spoke about the difficulties he and his sisters had in dealing with their mother's condition. On 18 October 2007 a statement on the star's website read, "We are sad to report that Cliff's mother, Dorothy, passed away early on 17 October; she was 87."

Richard is a lifelong bachelor .. The Daily Express . Accessed 21, November 2011. In a letter written in October 1961 to "his first serious girlfriend", Australian dancer Delia Wicks, and made public in April 2010 after her death from cancer, Richard writes, "Being a pop singer I have to give up one priceless thing – the right to any lasting relationship with any special girl." The pair had been dating for 18 months. In the letter he goes on to say, "I couldn't give up my career, besides the fact that my mother and sisters, since my father's death, rely on me completely. (...) I have showbiz in my blood now and I would be lost without it." He has said that he once considered marriage to the dancer Jackie Irving and later to the former tennis player Sue Barker .

In 1971, Richard was one of approximately 30,000 people gathering at London's Trafalgar Square to protest against the Swedish sex education film Kärlekens Språk , which was showing at a nearby cinema.Daniel Ekeroth, Swedish Sensationsfilms: A Clandestine History of Sex, Thrillers, and Kicker Cinema , (Bazillion Points, 2011), p. 126, ISBN 978-0-9796163-6-5.

Although he has never married, Richard has rarely lived alone. For many years he shared his main home with his religious affairs/charity/media/promotion schedules manager, Bill Latham, and Latham's girlfriend. Currently a former Catholic Priesthood (Catholic Church)|priest , John McElynn, who is Richard's property manager "lives in" and looks after the properties whilst Richard is away. Richard describes McElynn as a close friend who has become like a companion. Richard declines discussion about any intimate relationships and when asked about suggestions that he may be homosexual has stated categorically that he is not. More recently he has said, "what business is it of anyone else's what any of us are as individuals? I don’t think my fans would care either way."

Richard has called on the Church of England to affirm people's commitment in same-sex marriage . In his autobiography he states that "many of my friends are gay – let's face it, homosexuality has been legal for more than thirty years. For me, the commitment is what counts – and I'll leave the judging to God."Cliff Richard with Penny Junor My Life, My Way , London: Vox Rock, 2008, p. 39

According to the Sunday Times Rich List 2010, Richard is worth £50 million. As well as owning various houses and apartments around the world, Richard has become joint owner of the Arora International Hotel in Manchester , which opened in June 2004. He also owns a Quinta in the Algarve , Portugal, where he is involved in the production of wines at the Adega do Cantor ("Winery of the Singer"), a state-of-the-art winery in Guia, near Albufeira . In 2006 Richard received a Portuguese knighthood in which he was appointed Order of Prince Henry|Commander of the Order of Prince Henry (ComIH) - website Diáro da República, this in recognition of his 40 years of personal and business involvement in that country. Richard finished No. 56 in the 2002 100 Greatest Britons list, sponsored by the BBC and voted for by the public.

His official 70th birthday party was held on 23 October 2010, with guests including Cilla Black , Elaine Paige and Daniel O'Donnell .

Works and achievements

Discography

Awards

; Brit Awards

1977 – Best British male solo artist

1982 – Best British male solo artist

1989 – Lifetime achievement: Outstanding contribution to music (excluded The Shadows )

; TV Times

1980 – Most Exciting Male Singer on TV

1987 – Best Male Singer

1989 – Favourite Singer

; The Sun (newspaper)| The Sun Reader Polls

1970 – Male Pop Personality

1971 – Top Male Pop Personality

1972 – Top Male Pop Personality

; NME Reader Polls

1958 – Best New Disc or TV Singer

1959 – UK Male Singer

1959 – Best Single: " Living Doll (song)|Living Doll "

1960 – Best UK Single: "Living Doll"

1961 – UK Male Singer

1962 – UK Male Singer

1963 – UK Male Singer

1963 – Best World Male Singer

1964 – UK Male Singer

1964 – UK Vocal Personality

1965 – UK Male Singer

1966 – UK Male Singer

1966 – UK Vocal Personality

1967 – UK Vocal Personality

1968 – UK Vocal Personality

1969 – British Vocal Personality

1970 – UK Male Singer

1970 – UK Vocal Personality

1970 – World's Best Recording Artist of the 60s

1971 – UK Male Singer

1971 – British Vocal Personality

1972 – UK Male Singer

1972 – British Vocal Personality

; Ivor Novello Awards|Ivor Novello

1968 – Most Performed Work: Congratulations (song)|"Congratulations" by Bill Martin and Phil Coulter

1970 – Outstanding Services to Music

; Melody Maker

1959 – Best Male Singer

1960 – Top British Male Singer

1962 – The Emen Award – Top male singer

1962 – Top British Male Singer

1962 – Top single of the year: The Young Ones (song)|"The Young Ones"

1963 – Best Male Singer

1964 – Best Male Singer

1965 – Best UK Male Singer

1967 – Top Male Singer

; Disc & Music Echo

1967 – Best-Dressed Male

1968 – Best-Dressed Male

1969 – Best-Dressed Male

1970 – Top British Male Singer

1970 – Best-Dressed Male

1970 – Mr. Valentine

1971 – Mr. Valentine

; Bravo (magazine)| Bravo Magazine (Germany)

1964 – Best Male Singer – Gold

1964 – Year End Singles Charts – 1. "Sag 'no' Zu Ihm" ("Don't talk to him")

1965 – Best Male Singer – Gold

1980 – Top International Male Singer

; Record Mirror

1961 – Record Mirror Survey – Most successful chart records 1958–1961 – No 1: Cliff Richard, "Living Doll" (Richard had three of the top five records and a further two in the Top 50)

1964 – Record Mirror Poll – Best-Dressed Singer in the World

;1960s

1961 – Royal Variety Club – Show Business Personality

1961 – Weekend Magazine – Star of Stars

1962 – Motion Picture Herald Box-Office Survey Of 1962 – Most Popular Male Film Actor

1963 – Motion Picture Herald Box-Office Survey Of 1963 – Most Popular Male Film Actor

1963 – 16 Magazine| 16 (US Magazine) – Most Promising Singer

1964 – Billboard (magazine)| Billboard (US Magazine) – Best Recording Artist UK

1969 – Valentine Magazine – Mr Valentine

;1970s

1970 – National Viewers' and Listeners' Association – Outstanding Contribution to Religious Broadcasting and Light Entertainment

1971 – Record Mirror – UK Male Singer

1974 – Nordoff Robbins Music Therapy Committee – Silver Clef – Outstanding Services to the Music Industry

1977 – The Songwriter's Guild Of Great Britain – Golden Badge Award

1979 – Music Week – Special Award for 21 years as successful recording artistes – Cliff Richard and The Shadows

1979 – EMI Records – Gold Clock and Gold Key award – EMI celebrates 21-year partnership with Richard

;1980s

1980 – Richard receives O.B.E. from the Elizabeth II|Queen

1980 – BBC TV Multi-Coloured Swap Shop – Best UK Male Vocalist

1980 – National Pop And Rock Awards – Best Family Entertainer

1980 – Nationwide, in conjunction with BBC Radio 1|Radio 1 and the Daily Mirror – Best Family Entertainer

1981 – Sunday Telegraph Readers Poll – Top Pop Star

1981 – Daily Mirror Readers Award – Outstanding Music Personality Of The Year

1989 – The Lifetime Achievement Diamond Award (Antwerp)

;1990s

1992 – Spectacle Wearer Of The Year

1995 – American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers – Pied Piper Award (Richard became the first British recipient of Ascap's coveted Pied Piper Award, which recognises outstanding contributions to the songwriter and music community)

1995 – The formal investiture of Richard as Knight Bachelor took place at 10.30 a.m. in Buckingham Palace on Wednesday 25 October

1998 – Dutch Edison – Lifetime Achievement Award

;2000s

2000 – South Bank Awards – Outstanding Achievement Award

2003 – British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors – Gold Badge of merit

2003 – Lawn Tennis Association – 20 Years of Service to Tennis Award

2004 – Induction into UK Music Hall of Fame (representing the 1950s – Cliff and The Shadows)

2004 – Ultimate Pop Star (No. 1 singles recording artist in UK)

2005 – Avenue of Stars, London|Avenue of Stars (star on the pavement, London)

2005 – Rose D'or Music Festival (Paris) – Golden Rose

2006 – Commander of the Portuguese Order of Prince Henry (awarded for services to Portugal)

Tours and concerts

Filmography

Film

Serious Charge (1959)

Expresso Bongo (1960)

The Young Ones (film)|The Young Ones (1961) (aka ''It's Wonderful to be Young )

Summer Holiday (1963 film)|Summer Holiday (1963)

Wonderful Life (1964 film)|Wonderful Life (aka ''Swingers' Paradise ,, Turner Classic Movies page 1964)

Finders Keepers (1966 film)|Finders Keepers (1966)

'' Rhythm 'n Greens (B-movie) (guest appearance: CR plays "King Canute")

Thunderbirds Are GO (as puppet-marionettes)

Two a Penny (1969)

His land (1970)

The Case (1972) (features Olivia Newton-John)

Take Me High (1973)

Run For Your Wife (2012 film)|Run For Your Wife (2012) (Cameo role as a Busker)

TV series

1960: The Cliff Richard Show (ATV Television)

1961: Cliff (ATV Television)

1963: The Cliff Richard Show (ATV Television)

1964: Cliff (ATV Television)

1965: Cliff and the Shadows (ATV Television)

1967: Cliff (ATV Television)

1970: Cliff Richard Show featuring Hank Marvin|Marvin , Bruce Welch|Welch , John Farrar|Farrar , Olivia Newton-John and Una Stubbs (BBC Television)

1971: Cliff Richard Show featuring Marvin, Welch, Farrar, Olivia Newton-John and Una Stubbs (BBC Television)

1972: Cliff Richard Show featuring Marvin, Welch, Farrar, Olivia Newton-John and Una Stubbs (BBC Television)

1975: ''It's Cliff and Friends (BBC Television)

1976: ''It's Cliff and Friends (BBC Television)

Other TV Shows

Air Date	Episode		Channel
1971	Getaway with Cliff	5,200,000	BBC
1972	The Case	5,000,000	BBC
1999	An Audience With Sir Cliff Richard	11,000,000	ITV
2001	The Hits I Missed	6,500,000	ITV
2008	When Piers Met Sir Cliff	5,500,000	ITV

Stage musicals

Aladdin – music by The Shadows and Norrie Paramor

Cinderella – music by The Shadows and Norrie Paramor

Time (musical)|Time – music by Dave Clark (musician)|Dave Clark

Heathcliff (musical)|Heathcliff – music by John Farrar and lyrics by Sir Tim Rice

Undetermined Music Artists

Cliff Richard

Biography

Biography

1940–58: Childhood

1958–63: Success and stardom

1964–75: Changing circumstances

1976–94: Comeback

1995–2007: Knighthood

2008–present: 50th anniversary and reunion

Lack of commercial support

Career achievements

Personal life

Works and achievements

Discography

Awards

Tours and concerts

Filmography

Film

TV series

Other TV Shows

Stage musicals

See also

Further reading

References

External links

Copyright Citations