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Other usesinfobox color|title=Crimson|textcolor=white|hex=DC143C| r=220|g= 20|b= 60| c= 0|m= 91|y= 73|k=14| h=348|s= 91|v= 86 http://web.forret.com/tools/color.asp? RGB=%23DC143C web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #DC143C (Crimson): |source= Web colors#X11 color names|X11 Crimson is a strong, bright, deep red color. It is originally the color of the dye produced from a scale insect , Kermes vermilio , but the name is now also used as a generic term for those slightly bluish-red colors that are between red and rose (color)|rose ; besides crimson itself, these colors include Carmine (color)|carmine , Raspberry (color)|raspberry , ruddy , Ruby (color)|ruby , Amaranth (color)|amaranth , and Cerise (color)|cerise .
History
Crimson (NR4) is produced using the dried bodies of the Kermes (genus)|kermes insect, which were gathered commercially in Mediterranean countries, where they live on the Kermes oak , and sold throughout Europe. http://www.naturenet.net/blogs/2009/01/the-prickly-question-of-oak-leaves/ Naturenet article with images and description of Kermes vermilio and its foodplant Kermes dyes have been found in burial wrappings in Anglo-Scandinavian York . They fell out of use with the introduction of cochineal , because although the dyes were comparable in quality and color intensity it needed ten to twelve times as much kermes to produce the same effect as cochineal.
Carmine is the name given to the dye made from the dried bodies of the female cochineal , although the name crimson is sometimes applied to these dyes too. Cochineal appears to have been brought to Europe during the conquest of Mexico by the Spaniard Hernán Cortés , and the name 'carmine' is derived from the Spanish word for crimson. It was first described by Mathioli in 1549. The pigment is also called cochineal after the insect from which it is made.
Alizarin (PR83) is a pigment that was first synthesized in 1868 by the German chemist s Carl Gräbe and Carl Liebermann and replaced the natural pigment madder lake . Alizarin crimson is a dye bonded onto alum which is then used as a pigment and mixed with ochre , sienna and umber . It is not totally colorfast.
Etymology
The word crimson has been recorded in English since 1400,The first recorded use of crimson as a color name in English was in 1400 according to the following book: Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw Hill Page 193; Color Sample of Crimson: Page 31 Plate 4 Color Sample K6 and its earlier forms include cremesin , crymysyn and cramoysin (cf. cramoisy , a crimson cloth). These were adapted via Old Spanish from the Medieval Latin cremesinus (also kermesinus or carmesinus ), the dye produced from Kermes (genus)|Kermes scale insects, and can be traced back to Arabic qermez ("red"), also borrowed in Turkish language|Turkish kirmizi and many other languages, e.g. German Karmesin , Italian Cremisi , French cramoisi , etc. (via Latin). The ultimate source may be Sanskrit ????? k?mi-ja meaning "worm-made"."American Heritage Dictionary", s.v. Kermes ; also Friedrich Kluge|Kluge , "Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache", s.v. Karmesin , et al.
A shortened form of carmesinus also gave the Latin carminus , from which comes carmine .
Other cognates include the Old Church Slavic cruminu and the Russian language|Russian cermnyj "red". Cf. also vermilion .
Dyes
Main|CarmineMain|Kermes (dye)
Carmine natural dye|dyes , which give crimson and related red and purple colors, are based on an aluminium and calcium salt of carminic acid . Carmine lake is an aluminium or aluminium-tin lake pigment|lake of cochineal extract, and Crimson lake is prepared by striking down an infusion of cochineal with a 5 percent solution of alum and Potassium tartrate|cream of tartar . Purple lake is prepared like carmine lake with the addition of calcium oxide|lime to produce the deep purple tone. Carmine dyes tend to fade quickly.
Carmine dyes were once widely prized in both the Americas and in Europe. They were used in paints by Michelangelo and for the crimson fabrics of the Hussars , the Turkic peoples|Turks , the Red coat (British army)|British Redcoats , and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police .
Nowadays carmine dyes are used for coloring foodstuffs, medicines and cosmetics. As a food additive in the European Union, carmine dyes are designated Carmine|E120 , and are also called cochineal and Natural Red 4 . Carmine dyes are also used in some oil paint s and watercolor s used by artists.
Variations of crimson
Alizarin crimson
Main|Alizarin crimson (color) Alizarin crimson is an artificially created color, used to replace the harder to obtain rose madder .
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Electric crimson
infobox color|title=Electric Crimson|textcolor=black|hex=FF003F| r=255|g= 0|b= 63| c= 0|m=100|y= 75|k=0| h=345|s=100|v=100 http://web.forret.com/tools/color.asp? RGB=%23FF003F web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #FF003F (Electric Crimson): |source=Maerz and Paul Displayed at right is the color electric crimson .
Electric crimson is that tone of crimson which is precisely halfway between red and rose on the HSV color space|color wheel . In the 1930 book A Dictionary of Color , the color Crimson is shown as lying halfway between red and rose. Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw Hill The color sample for the color crimson, indicated in the index on page 193, and displayed on Page 31, Plate 4, Color Sample K6, is indicated as lying halfway between red and rose. In modern color terminology in psychedelic art , the adjective "electric" indicates the brightest possible tone or a very bright tone of a color.
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Folly
infobox color|title=Folly|textcolor=black|hex=FF004F| r=255|g= 0|b= 79| c= 0|m=100|y=69|k=0| h=341|s=100|v=100 http://web.forret.com/tools/color.asp? RGB=%23FF004F web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color # FF004F (Folly): |source=Maerz and Paul Displayed at right is the color folly .
Folly is a color one-fourth of the way between crimson and rose, closer to crimson than to rose. The first recorded use of folly as a color name in English was in 1920.Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw Hill Page 195; Color Sample of Folly: Page 27 Plate 2 Color Sample J6; on the upper half of Plate 2, the color Folly is shown as being one-fourth of the way between crimson and rose, closer to crimson than to rose.
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Razzmatazz
infobox color|textcolor=white|title= Razzmatazz| hex=E3256B| r=227|g= 37|b= 107| c= 0|m= 84|y= 53|k= 11| h=338|s= 84|v= 89 http://web.forret.com/tools/color.asp? RGB=%23E3256B web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #E3256B (Razzmatazz): |source= List of Crayola crayon colors|Crayola Displayed at right is the color razzmatazz .
This color is a rich tone of crimson-rose.
Razzmatazz was a new Crayola crayon color chosen in 1993 as a part of the Name The New Colors Contest . -
KU Crimson
infobox color|title=KU Crimson|hex= E8000D|textcolor=white|r=232|g=0 |b=13 | c=0 |m=100|y=94 |k=9 h=357|s=100|v=91 | |source= http://www.identity.ku.edu/colors KU Visual Identity KU Crimson , along with blue , is an official color for the University of Kansas and its athletic teams, the Kansas Jayhawks . The color is referenced in the school's alma mater. http://www.kuathletics.com/trads/kan-crimson-blue.html KU Traditions - "Crimson and the Blue" While not an original color of the school, Crimson was suggested to honor a Harvard graduate who donated money for an athletic field at the school. http://www.kuathletics.com/trads/kan-school-colors.html KU Traditions - The School Colors -
Displayed at right is the color Utah crimson , the color which is symbolic of the University of Utah . Of all the universities that list crimson as an official color, the University of Utah is closest to the web color crimson (RGB 220, 20, 60).
The school's athletic booster organization is called the Crimson Club. http://www.crimsonclub.utah.edu/aboutus_what_is.html University of Utah Crimson Club:
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Harvard crimson
infobox color|title=Harvard Crimson|textcolor=white|hex=A51C30 |r=165 |g=28 |b=48 |c=7 |m=94 |y=65 |k=25 |source= http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic937886.files///HUIT%20Guidelines%207-25-11.pdf Harvard Displayed at right is the color Harvard crimson , the color which is symbol ic of Harvard University .
The first recorded use of Harvard crimson as a color name in English was in 1928.Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930--McGraw Hill Page 196; Color Sample of Harvard Crimson: Page 33 Plate 5 Color Sample J6
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Crimson glory
Infobox color|title= Crimson Glory|textcolor=white| hex= BE0032| r=190 |g=0|b=50| c=0 |m=100|y=74 |k=26 h=356|s=100|v=75 http://web.forret.com/tools/color.asp? RGB=%23BE0032 web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #BE0032 (Crimson Glory): |source= http://colors.bravo9.com/nbs-iscc-p-plochere-color-system/list/all/ PlochereThe color crimson glory is displayed at right. It is a medium shade of crimson.
The color is a representation of the color of the flowers of the Crimson Glory Vine .
The first use of crimson glory as a color name in English was in 1948 when the Plochere Color System was inaugurated.
The source of the color name crimson glory is the Plochere Color System , a color system formulated in 1948 that is widely used by interior designers. http://colors.bravo9.com/nbs-iscc-p-plochere-color-system/list/all/ Plochere Color System: -
OU Crimson
infobox color|title=OU Crimson|hex= b20d35|textcolor=white|r=178|g=13 |b=53|sRGBspace= sRGB color space|sRGB | c=0 |m=93|y=70 |k=30 h=335 |s=93|v=70 |source= http://www.soonersports.com/marketing/okla-style-guide.html Official Logos OU Crimson , along with Cream, are the official colors for The University of Oklahoma , and its athletic teams, the Oklahoma Sooners . In the fall of 1895, Miss May Overstreet was asked to chair a committee to select the colors of the university. The committee decided the colors should be crimson and cream and an elaborate display of the colors was draped above a platform before the student body. http://www.soonersports.com/trads/crimson-creme.html Sooner Tradition - Crimson & Cream
OU Crimson is also an official color for the National Weather Center . http://ags.ou.edu/logos/NWC/NWC%20Design%20Guide.pdf National Weather Center Logo -
Alabama Crimson
infobox color|title=Alabama Crimson|hex= A32638 |textcolor=white|r=163| g=38 | b=56 | c=0 |m=80 | y=67 | k=9 h= 350 | s=80 | v=60 | |source= http://visualid.ua.edu/download/graphic_standards_2010.pdf UA Visual Identity Guide Alabama Crimson , along with white , is an official color for the University of Alabama and its athletic teams, the Alabama Crimson Tide . The specification provided by the office of university relations refers to the Pantone|Pantone Matching System , color PMS 201. -
Red devil
infobox color|title=Red Devil|textcolor=white|hex=860111 |r=134|g=1|b=17 |c=0|m=99|y=87|k=48 |h=353|s=99|v=53 http://web.forret.com/tools/color.asp? RGB=%23860111 web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #860111 (Red Devil): |source= http://xona.com/colorlist/ Xona.com Color List At right is displayed the color red devil .
The color name red devil for this dark tone of crimson has been in use since 2001, when it was promulgated as one of the colors on the http://xona.com/colorlist/ Xona.com Color List.
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Crimson in nature
Birds
The Crimson Sunbird is the national bird of Singapore .
The Comb (anatomy)|coxscomb of a rooster is colored a deep crimson color.
In popular culture
Crimson is a name given to Rosso in Dirge of Cerberus: Final Fantasy VII for her red outfit and bloodthirsty nature.
Crimson Skies is a video game about air pirates in an alternate universe 1930s North America.
Fatal Frame II: Crimson Butterfly , or Project Zero II: Crimson Butterfly , 2004 game considered one of the scariest video games of all time.
The King's Royal Hussars still wear crimson trousers as successors to the 11th Hussars (the "Cherrypickers").
In Polish, karmazyn ('crimson') is also a synonym for a Magnate , i.e., a member of the nobility .
The Fraternities and Sororities|Greek letter organizations Delta Sigma Theta (?ST), Kappa Alpha Psi (KA?), and Kappa Alpha Order (KA) use crimson as one of their official colors.
Crimson is the school color of several universities, including Florida Institute of Technology , Harvard University , Indiana University (Bloomington)|Indiana University , New Mexico State University , Saint Joseph's University , University of Alabama , University of Belgrano , University of Mississippi , University of Oklahoma , University of Utah , Washington State University , Korea University and Worcester Polytechnic Institute . The daily newspaper at Harvard is called The Harvard Crimson , and the daily newspaper at Alabama is called The Crimson White . Harvard's athletic teams are the Crimson, while the University of Alabama competes as University of Alabama athletics|The Crimson Tide .
In the United States Army , crimson is the color of the Ordnance Corps (United States Army)|Ordnance Corps .
Crimson Guard is a line of toys from the G.I. Joe universe, first released in 1985.
See also
Amaranth (color)
Red dye insects: Cochineal , Kermes vermilio , Polish cochineal
-shades of red Category:Pigments Category:Organic pigments Category:Food additives Category:Shades of red Category:Natural dyes Category:Arabic loanwords
