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Biography
about|unclean matterredirect|Dirty Dirt is unclean matter, especially when in contact with a person's clothes, skin or possessions when they are said to become dirty . Common types of dirt include:
dust & mdash; a general powder of organic or mineral matter
wikt:filth|filth & mdash; foul matter such as excrement
wikt:grime|grime & mdash; a black, ingrained dust such as soot
soil & mdash; the mix of clay, sand and humus which lies over the bedrock
Exhibitions and studies
A season of artworks and exhibits on the theme of dirt was sponsored by the Wellcome Trust in 2011. The centrepiece was an exhibition at the Wellcome Collection showing pictures and histories of notable dirt such as the great dust heaps at Euston railway station|Euston and London King's Cross railway station|King's Cross in the 19th century and the Fresh Kills Landfill|Fresh Kills landfill which was once the world's largest.citation |url= http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/art/art-reviews/8390859/Dirt-the-Filthy-Reality-of-Everyday-Life-Welcome-Collection.html |title=Dirt: the Filthy Reality of Everyday Life, Welcome Collection |date=Wednesday 23 March 2011 |journal= The Daily Telegraph |author=Brian Dillon.
Foci
Computer keyboard s are especially dirty as, on average, they contain 70 times more microbe s than a lavatory seat .citation |url= http://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm? story_id=15108662 |publisher= The Economist |title=The joy of dirt |date=Dec 17th 2009
Cleaning
When things are dirty they are usually cleaning|cleaned with solutions like hard surface cleaner and other chemicals; much domestic activity is for this purpose & mdash; washing , broom|sweeping and so forth.citation |url= http://books.google.com/? id=pSEDkuksOI8C |title=Dirt: The Quirks, Habits, and Passions of Keeping House |author=Mindy Lewis |isbn= 9781580052610 |year=2009
In a commercial setting, a dirty appearance will give a bad impression of a place such as a restaurant. The dirt in such cases may be classified as temporary, permanent and deliberate. Temporary dirt is streaks and detritus that may be removed by ordinary daily cleaning. Permanent dirt is ingrained stains or physical damage which require major renovation to remove. Deliberate dirt is that which results from design decisions such as decor in dirty yellow or grunge styling.citation |url= http://books.google.com/? id=2WuPh5C9QpQC& pg=PA115 |year=2003 |title=Expectations and the Food Industry |isbn=9780306477096 |author=John B. Hutchings
Disposal
As cities developed, arrangements were made for the disposal of dirt. In Britain, the Public Health Act 1875 required households to place their refuse into a container which could be moved so that it could be carted away. This was the first legal creation of the dustbin .citation |title=Encyclopaedia of Environmental Pollution and Awareness in the 21st Century |author=V.K. Prabhakar |page=10 |isbn=9788126106516 |year=2000
Health
Modern society is now thought to be excessively clean. Lack of contact with microorganism s in dirt when growing up is Hygiene hypothesis|hypothesised to be the cause of the epidemic of allergy|allergies such as asthma .citation |url= http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8373690.stm |title=Dirt can be good for children, say scientists |publisher=BBC |date=23 November 2009 The human immune system requires activation and exercise in order to function properly and exposure to dirt may achieve this.citation |url= http://books.google.com/? id=R4qRXShukoYC |title=Why Dirt Is Good: 5 Ways to Make Germs Your Friends |author=Mary Ruebush |isbn=9781427798046 |year=2009 For example, the presence of staphylococcus bacteria on the surface of the skin regulates the inflammation which results from injury.citation |last1=Lai |url= http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nm.2062.html |journal=Nature medicine |first1=Y |last2=Di Nardo |first2=A |last3=Nakatsuji |first3=T |last4=Leichtle |first4=A |last5=Yang |first5=Y |last6=Cogen |first6=AL |last7=Wu |first7=ZR |last8=Hooper |first8=LV |last9=Schmidt |first9=RR |title=Commensal bacteria regulate Toll-like receptor 3–dependent inflammation after skin injury |volume=15 |issue=12 |pages=1377–82 |publisher=Nature Medicine |date=22 November 2009 |pmid=19966777 |pmc=2880863 |doi=10.1038/nm.2062
People and animals may Pica (disorder)|eat dirt . This is thought to be caused by mineral deficiency and so the condition is commonly seen in pregnancy|pregnant women .
Neurosis
People may become obsessed by dirt and engage in fantasies and Obsessive–compulsive disorder|compulsive behaviour about it, such as making and eating mud pies.citation |url= http://www.pep-web.org/document.php? id=paq.006.0388a |title=The Fantasy of Dirt |author=Lawrence S. Kubie |journal=The Psychoanalytical Quarterly |volume=6 |pages=388–425 The source of such thinking may be genetic, as the emotion of disgust is common and a location for it in the brain has been proposed.citation |volume=44 |issue=1 |year=2001 |pmid=11253302|doi=10.1353/pbm.2001.0001 |author=Valerie Curtis, Adam Biran |title=Dirt, Disgust, and Disease: Is Hygiene in Our Genes? |journal=Perspectives in Biology and Medicine |pages=17–31
References
reflist
Further reading
citation |title=Dirt: a social history as seen through the uses and abuses of dirt |author=Terence McLaughlin |publisher=Stein and Day |year=1971 |isbn=9780812814125
citation |title=Dirt: filth and decay in a new world arcadia |author=Pamela Janet Wood | |publisher=Auckland University Press |year=2005 |isbn=9781869403485
citation |title=Dirt: new geographies of cleanliness and contamination |author=Ben Campkin, RosieCox |publisher=I.B. Tauris |year=2007 |isbn=9781845116729
citation |title=Dirt: The Filthy Reality of Everyday Life |author=Virginia Smith et al. |publisher=Profile Books Limited |year=2011 |isbn=9781846684791
External links
http://www.wellcomecollection.org/whats-on/dirt-season.aspx Dirt season at the Wellcome Collection
