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Biography
Giuseppe De Luca (December 25, 1876 & ndash; August 26, 1950), was a famous Italy|Italian baritone who achieved his greatest triumphs at the New York Metropolitan Opera . He notably created roles in the world premieres of two opera s by Giacomo Puccini : Sharpless in Madama Butterfly (at La Scala , Milan, 1904) and the title role in Gianni Schicchi (Metropolitan Opera, 1918).
Career & recordings
De Luca was born in Rome , the son of a blacksmith, and sang in church choirs as a boy. After his voice broke, a wealthy patron paid for him to have singing lessons at the Rome Conservatory, where he studied with two top-class pedagogues, Venceslao Persichini (who also taught De Luca's fellow baritone stars Mattia Battistini and Titta Ruffo ) and Antonio Cotogni . He made his opera tic debut at Piacenza in 1897, singing Valentin in Gounod 's Faust (opera)|Faust . His debut proved a success and he was invited to sing at a string of more important venues.
He appeared at Italy's foremost opera house, La Scala , Milan , from 1902 to 1910, and made his London debut at the Royal Opera House , Covent Garden , in 1907.
Subsequently, De Luca moved to America where he became a leading baritone at the Metropolitan Opera for 20 years, from 1915 to 1935. (He returned briefly to the Met in 1939-1940.) His first appearance at that house was on November 25, 1915, as Figaro in The Barber of Seville with Frieda Hempel as Rosina and Giacomo Damacco as Count Almaviva, with Gaetano Bavagnoli conducting.
After his retirement, he taught voice at the Juilliard School . He died in New York City|New York City at the age of 73.
De Luca is notable for creating two important Puccini roles: Sharpless in Madama Butterfly (La Scala, 1904) and the title role in Gianni Schicchi (Metropolitan Opera, 1918). He also created the Marquess in Massenet 's Grisélidis , Michonnet in Cilea ’s Adriana Lecouvreur , Gleby in Umberto Giordano|Giordano ’s Siberia (opera)|Siberia (1903), and Sancho Panza in Massenet ’s Don Quichotte opposite Feodor Chaliapin .
The illustrious but dictatorial conductor Arturo Toscanini is reputed to have once called De Luca, "absolutely the best baritone I ever heard" http://www.opera-gems.com/reflections/giuseppe%20de%20luca.htm. Certainly, he was praised by critics and audiences alike in a wide range of operatic roles, ranging from buffo and bel canto parts through to the core Verdi and Puccini characters. He even made some early forays into Richard Wagner|Wagner during his days at La Scala. (He eschewed the German language, however, singing only in Italian language|Italian and French language|French .)
De Luca's elegant vocalism is preserved on numerous recordings which he made for the Fonotipia and Victor companies in Italy and America from the early 1900s through to the 1920s and '30s. On some of them, he is partnered by other great singers of the Metropolitan Opera's golden age, including Enrico Caruso , Giovanni Martinelli , Beniamino Gigli , Amelita Galli-Curci , Elisabeth Rethberg , Rosa Ponselle and Ezio Pinza . CD reissues of his recordings are widely available today. Film clips of him performing also exist.
De Luca was renowned as a master of lyric, smooth-toned legato singing and his recordings confirm his excellence in this regard. Being a small man, his voice was not of huge dimensions; but it was immaculately used and had ample carrying power in even the largest theatres. During De Luca's best years, his voice also possessed exceptional beauty of tone in the middle register. He was a clever and versatile actor, too, and was considered to be especially memorable in ebullient comic roles.
References
cite book|title=The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music|editor= Michael Kennedy (music critic)|Michael Kennedy |edition=3rd|location=London|year=1980
cite book|title=The Record of Singing|first=Michael |last=Scott|location=London|year=1977
cite book|title=The Grand Tradition: 70 years of Singing on Record|first=J.B.|last=Steane|authorlink=J.B. Steane|location=London|year=1974
documented
Persondata | NAME = De Luca, Giuseppe | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = | DATE OF BIRTH = December 25, 1876 | PLACE OF BIRTH = | DATE OF DEATH = August 26, 1950 | PLACE OF DEATH = DEFAULTSORT:De Luca, Giuseppe Category:1876 births Category:1950 deaths Category:People from Rome Category:Operatic baritones Category:Italian baritones Category:Italian opera singers Category:Italian tenors Category:Juilliard School faculty Category:Italian emigrants to the United States Category:Fonotipia Records artists Category:Victor Records artists
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