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Infobox Top level domain| Google (company)|<<<
name=gov|
background=#FC0|
introduced=1985|
type= Sponsored top-level domain |
status=Active|
registry= General Services Administration |
sponsor=General Services Administration|
intendeduse= Governmental entities|
actualuse= Government of the United States|United States government ; formerly only Federal government of the United States|federal government but later expanded to include State governments of the United States|state and Local government in the United States|local government |
restrictions=Must meet eligibility requirements and submit authorization letter|
structure=Registrations at second level permitted|
document=RFC 920; RFC 1591; RFC 2146|
disputepolicy=None|
website= http://dotgov.gov/ dotgov.gov|
dnssec=yes
The domain name gov is a sponsored top-level domain (sTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet . The name is derived from government , indicating its restricted use by government entities in the United States . The gov domain is administered by the General Services Administration (GSA), an Independent agencies of the United States government|independent agency of the Federal government of the United States|United States federal government .

The U.S. is the only country that has a government-specific top-level domain in addition to its country-code top-level domain . This is a result of the origins of the Internet as a U.S. federal government-sponsored research network (see ARPANET and National Science Foundation Network ). Other countries typically delegate a second-level domain for this purpose, for example: .gc.ca is the second-level domain for the Government of Canada and all subdomains.

Some U.S. federal agencies use fed.us rather than gov. The United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense and its subsidiary organizations use the .mil|mil sTLD. Some U.S. governmental entities use other domains, such as .com|com domains by the United States Postal Service (which uses both http://www.usps.gov/ usps.gov and http://www.usps.com/ usps.com for the same website, although it only advertises the com address), and the United States Army 's recruitment website ( http://www.goarmy.com/ goarmy.com, this trend is repeated at the recruitment websites of the other branches of the U.S. military).

Additionally, some technically private organizations having some formal association with the federal government make use of gov, such as the Federal Reserve System ( http://www.federalreserve.gov/ federalreserve.gov).

All governments in the U.S. are allowed to apply for delegations in gov, such as http://www.atlantaga.gov atlantaga.gov for the city of Atlanta, Georgia|Atlanta , http://www.loudoun.gov loudoun.gov for the county (US)|county of Loudoun, Virginia and http://www.georgia.gov georgia.gov for the U.S. state of Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia . This was not always true; under an earlier policy, only federal agencies were allowed to use the domain, and agencies beneath cabinet level were required to use subdomains of their parent agency. There is a lack of consistency in addresses of state and local government sites, with some using gov, some us, some using both (the Commonwealth (U.S. state)|Commonwealth of Pennsylvania uses www.pa.gov , www.pennsylvania.gov and www.state.pa.us for the same web site) and still others in com , org or other TLDs.

Availability


Use of the gov domain is restricted to governments entities. According to GSA guidelines, this includes U.S. Governmental United States Cabinet|departments , programs, and agencies on the federal level; federally recognized tribes (referred to by the GSA as Native Sovereign Nations, which must use the suffix -NSN.gov); State government al entities and programs; cities and townships represented by an elected body of officials; County (United States)|counties and civil parish|parishes represented by an elected body of officials; and United States territory|U.S. territories .cite web | url=https://www.dotgov.gov/help_qualify.aspx | title=Eligibility Requirements | publisher=General Services Administration | accessdate=2007-03-21

The Uniform Resource Locator|URL for registration services is http://www.dotgov.gov.cite web
|title=Delegation Record for .GOV
|publisher=IANA
|url= http://www.iana.org/root-whois/gov.htm
|accessdate=2009-07-27| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20090529072344/ http://www.iana.org/root-whois/gov.htm| archivedate= 29 May 2009

Authorization


To register a gov domain, a letter of authorization must be submitted to the GSA. For federal agencies, the authorization must be submitted by cabinet-level chief information officer (CIO). For state governments, authorization from the Governor (United States)|governor or state CIO is required. Domain names for cities require authorization from the mayor or equivalent official; for counties, authorization may be submitted by county commission ers or equivalent officials, or by the highest-ranking county official.cite web | url=https://www.dotgov.gov/auth_letter.aspx | title=Authorization Letter | publisher=General Services Administration | accessdate=2007-03-21 For Native Sovereign Nations, the authorization must come from the Bureau of Indian Affairs .cite web | title=Who authorizes domain names? | url=https://www.dotgov.gov/final_rule_102.aspx#10217335 | publisher=General Services Administration | accessdate=2007-03-21

Naming conventions


The GSA provides Style guide|guidelines for naming conventions|naming of second-level domain s, such as those used by state and local governments. For states, the domain name must include the full state name or United States postal abbreviations|postal abbreviation , and the abbreviation must not be obscured by inclusion in a larger word. For example, inval id .gov for Idaho would be an unacceptable domain name. For local governments, the domain name must include the state name or abbreviation. However, many .gov domain names (such as boston.gov and seattle.gov) do not conform to the naming convention because they were already registered before the GSA enacted this policy.cite web | url=https://www.dotgov.gov/portal/web/dotgov/policy#10217350 | title=Sec. 102-173.50 What is the naming convention for States? | publisher = General Services Administration | accessdate=2007-03-21

Policy


Expand section|date=January 2011
Policy regarding the gov domain is laid out in 41 Code of Federal Regulations|CFR Part 102-173, a Final Rule promulgated by the GSA in the Federal Register on March 28, 2003.https://www.dotgov.gov/final_rule_102.aspx Dotgov.govDead link|date=March 2012

No new gov domains for U.S. federal executive branch departments have been allowed to be registered since June 13, 2011, as a result of the implementation of Executive Order 13571 http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2011/04/27/executive-order-streamlining-service-delivery-and-improving-customer-ser Executive Order--Streamlining Service Delivery and Improving Customer Service (whitehouse.gov) issued by President Barack Obama|Obama . The move is part of a general attempt to improve the efficiency of U.S. governmental Web usage by weeding out unnecessary, redundant, outdated, or wasteful sites. http://www.usa.gov/WebReform.shtml .gov Reform Effort: Improving Federal Websites (usa.gov)

States in GOV


As of November 2009, all states in the U.S. have operational domains in gov:
Alabamahttp:/ / al.gov al.gov and http:/ / alabama.gov alabama.gov
Alaskahttp:/ / alaska.gov alaska.gov
Arizonahttp:/ / az.gov az.gov
Arkansashttp:/ / www.ar.gov ar.gov and http:/ / www.arkansas.gov arkansas.gov
Californiahttp:/ / ca.gov ca.gov and http:/ / california.gov california.gov
Coloradohttp:/ / colorado.gov colorado.gov
Connecticuthttp:/ / ct.gov ct.gov
Delawarehttp:/ / Delaware.gov Delaware.gov
Floridahttp:/ / florida.gov florida.gov and http:/ / fl.gov fl.gov (redirects to http:/ / myflorida.com myflorida.com)
Georgiahttp:/ / georgia.gov georgia.gov and http:/ / www.ga.gov/ ga.gov
Guamhttp:/ / guam.gov guam.gov
Hawaiihttp:/ / hawaii.gov hawaii.gov (redirects to http:/ / ehawaii.gov ehawaii.gov)
Idahohttp:/ / idaho.gov idaho.gov
Illinoishttp:/ / Illinois.gov Illinois.gov
Indianahttp:/ / in.gov in.gov
Iowahttp:/ / iowa.gov iowa.gov and http:/ / www.ia.gov/ ia.gov
Kansashttp:/ / www.ks.gov ks.gov and http:/ / www.kansas.gov/ kansas.gov
Kentuckyhttp:/ / ky.gov ky.gov and http:/ / kentucky.gov/ kentucky.gov
Louisianahttp:/ / louisiana.gov louisiana.gov
Mainehttp:/ / maine.gov maine.gov
Marylandhttp:/ / maryland.gov maryland.gov
Massachusettshttp:/ / mass.gov mass.gov
Michiganhttp:/ / michigan.gov michigan.gov
Minnesotahttp:/ / www.mn.gov mn.gov (redirects to http:/ / www.state.mn.us/ state.mn.us)
Mississippihttp:/ / mississippi.gov mississippi.gov
Missourihttp:/ / mo.gov mo.gov
Montanahttp:/ / mt.gov mt.gov and http:/ / montana.gov montana.gov
Nebraskahttp:/ / nebraska.gov nebraska.gov
Nevadahttp:/ / nv.gov nv.gov
New Hampshirehttp:/ / www.nh.gov nh.gov and http:/ / www.visitnh.gov visitnh.gov
New Jerseyhttp:/ / nj.gov nj.gov and http:/ / newjersey.gov newjersey.gov
New Mexicohttp:/ / newmexico.gov newmexico.gov
New Yorkhttp:/ / ny.gov ny.gov
North Carolinahttp:/ / nc.gov/ nc.gov and http:/ / www.northcarolina.gov/ northcarolina.gov
North Dakotahttp:/ / nd.gov nd.gov
Ohiohttp:/ / ohio.gov ohio.gov and http:/ / www.oh.gov oh.gov
Oklahomahttp:/ / ok.gov ok.gov
Oregonhttp:/ / oregon.gov oregon.gov
Pennsylvaniahttp:/ / www.pa.gov/ pa.gov and http:/ / www.pennsylvania.gov/ pennsylvania.gov
Puerto Ricohttp:/ / pr.gov/ pr.gov
Rhode Islandhttp:/ / www.ri.gov/ ri.gov
South Carolinahttp:/ / www.sc.gov/ sc.gov
South Dakotahttp:/ / sd.gov sd.gov
Tennesseehttp:/ / tennessee.gov tennessee.gov and http:/ / tn.gov/ tn.gov
Texashttp:/ / texas.gov texas.gov
Utahhttp:/ / utah.gov utah.gov
Vermonthttp:/ / vermont.gov vermont.gov
Virginiahttp:/ / virginia.gov virginia.gov
Washingtonhttp:/ / wa.gov wa.gov and http:/ / washington.gov washington.gov
West Virginiahttp:/ / wv.gov wv.gov
Wisconsinhttp:/ / wisconsin.gov wisconsin.gov
Wyominghttp:/ / wyoming.gov wyoming.gov


The District of Columbia follows this trend with http://www.dc.gov dc.gov

See also


  • usa.gov

  • .us


    • References


    Reflist

    External links


  • http://www.iana.org/root-whois/gov.htm IANA .gov whois information

  • RFC 920 defined .com and the other original top-level domains.

  • RFC 2146 (U.S. Government Internet Domain Names)


    • GTLD
    DEFAULTSORT:Gov Category:Sponsored top-level domains
    Category:Domain names in the United States
    Category:General Services Administration
    Category:1985 introductions

    be-x-old:.gov
    bg:.gov
    bs:.gov
    ca:.gov
    cs:.gov
    da:.gov
    es:.gov
    eo:.gov
    eu:.gov
    fa:.gov
    fo:.gov
    fr:.gov
    hy:.gov
    it:.gov
    hu:.gov
    mzn:.gov
    nl:.gov
    ja:.gov
    ce:.gov
    no:.gov
    pl:.gov
    ro:.gov
    ru:.gov
    sah:.gov
    sr:.gov
    fi:.gov
    sv:Toppdomän#Generiska toppdomäner
    tr:.gov
    ur:Gov.
    fiu-vro:.gov
    zh:.gov

    Copyright Citations

    This article is licensed under the     GNU License
    Click here for original article: Gov




          

    		  
       
     
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