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Biography
Other uses|Günther (disambiguation)Unreferenced|date=December 2009 Gunther (Gundahar, Gundahari, Latin Gundaharius , Gundicharius or Guntharius , Old English Language|Old English Guðhere , Old Norse language|Old Norse Gunnarr , anglicised as Gunnar ) is the German Language|German name of a semi-legendary Kings of Burgundy|king of Burgundy of the early 5th century. Legendary tales about him appear in Latin , medieval Middle High German , Old Norse , and Old English language|Old English texts, especially concerning his relations with Sigurd|Siegfried (Sigurd in Old Norse) and his death by treachery in the hall of Attila the Hun .
Historical information
In 406 the Alans , Vandals , the Suevi , and possibly the Burgundians Crossing of the Rhine|crossed the Rhine and invaded Gaul . In 411, the Burgundian king Gundahar or Gundicar set up a puppet emperor, Jovinus , in cooperation with Goar , king of the Alans. With the authority of the Gallic emperor that he controlled, Gundahar settled on the left or western (i.e. Roman) bank of the Rhine, between the river Lauter and the Nahe (river)|Nahe , seizing Worms, Germany|Worms , Speyer , and Strasbourg . Apparently as part of a truce, the Emperor Honorius later officially "granted" them the land. Olympiodorus of Thebes also mentions a Guntiarios who was called "commander of the Burgundians" in the context of the 411 usurping of Germania Secunda by Jovinus. (Prosper, a. 386)
Despite their new status as foederati , Burgundian raids into Roman upper Gallia Belgica became intolerable and were ruthlessly brought to an end in 436, when the Roman general Flavius Aetius called in Hun mercenaries who overwhelmed the Rhineland kingdom (with its capital at the old Celt ic Roman settlement of Worms, Germany|Borbetomagus , now called Worms) in 437. Gundahar was killed in the fighting, reportedly along with the majority of the Burgundian tribe. (Prosper; Chronica Gallica 452; Hydatius; and Sidonius Apollinaris)
In legend
The destruction of Worms, Germany|Worms and the Burgundian kingdom by the Huns became the subject of heroic legends that were afterwards incorporated into many works of medieval literature such as the Middle High German epic poem, the Nibelungenlied , where King Gunther and Queen Brünhild hold their court at Worms, and Sigurd|Siegfried comes to woo Gunther's sister Kriemhild . (In Old Norse sources the names are Gunnar, Brynhild, Sigurd and Gudrun as normally rendered in English.)
In the Waltharius , Gibicho and his son Guntharius are kings of the Franks , whereas the king of the Burgundians is named Heriricus who is father to Hiltgunt, the heroine of the story. Hagen (legend)|Hagano appears here as a kinsman of Gibicho and Guntharius, but the relationship is not made explicit. In their combats with Waltharius, Guntharius loses a leg, Hagano loses half his face and one eye, and Waltharius loses a hand. But there is no hint in later tales that Gunther is in any way maimed. Another version of the story of Waltharius and Hiltgunt appears in the Norse Thidreks saga , but in this account Gunther plays no part at all.
Gunther otherwise only appears in tales relating to Siegfried and the fall of the Niflungs. In most texts, such as the Nibelungenlied , Gunther/Gunnar seeks to make Brünnehilde|Brünhild his wife, but can win her and master her only because the hero Siegfried/Sigurd aids him and takes his place. Siegfried marries Gunther's sister Kriemhild/Gudrun. An impassioned debate between Brünhild and Kriemhild about their respective status leads to the secret that Siegfried had taken Gunther's place being revealed. Gunther then agrees to assist in Siegfried's murder. After Siegfried is murdered, Gunther and his brothers, despite deep suspicions of treachery, accept an invitation from Etzel, or Atli in Old Norse (i.e. Attila the Hun ), to visit his court. There Gunther and his brothers were betrayed. In some versions of the story, they were thrown in a snake pit to die, while in others they were killed fighting the Huns and their allies.
According to the Norse poem Atlamal Gunnar remarried after Brynhild's death to a woman named Glaumvor.
See also
Burgundians
Nibelung
Völsunga saga
de:Gunther (Vorname) about the origin and meaning of this German name
Start boxSuccession box| before= Gislaharius|Giselher | title= King of Burgundy | years=? & ndash;437 | after= Gunderic of Burgundy|Gunderic End box Völsung Category:Burgundians Category:Nibelung tradition Category:Kings of Burgundy Category:Medieval literature Category:German heroic legends Category:Surnames Category:Völsung cycle Category:People in Norse mythology and legends Category:5th-century monarchs in Europe Category:Fictional German people Category:German masculine given names
