Interviews

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Biography

An interview is a conversation between two people (the interviewer and the interviewee) where question s are asked by the interviewer to obtain information from the interviewee.

Interview as a method for qualitative research

"Definition" -
The qualitative research interview seeks to describe and the meanings of central themes in the life world of the subjects. The main task in interviewing is to understand the meaning of what the interviewees say.(Kvale,1996)

Aspects of qualitative research interviews

Interviews are completed by the interviewer based on what the interviewee says.

Interviews are a far more personal form of research than questionnaires.

In the personal interview, the interviewer works directly with the interviewee.

Unlike with mail surveys, the interviewer has the opportunity to probe or ask follow up questions.

Interviews are generally easier for the interviewee, especially if what is sought are opinions and/or impressions.

Interviews are time consuming and they are resource intensive.

The interviewer is considered a part of the measurement instrument and interviewer has to be well trained in how to respond to any contingency.

Types of interviews

Informal, conversational interview - no predetermined questions are asked, in order to remain as open and adaptable as possible to the interviewee’s nature and priorities; during the interview the interviewer “goes with the flow”.

General interview guide approach - intended to ensure that the same general areas of information are collected from each interviewee; this provides more focus than the conversational approach, but still allows a degree of freedom and adaptability in getting the information from the interviewee.

Standardized, open-ended interview - the same open-ended questions are asked to all interviewees; this approach facilitates faster interviews that can be more easily analyzed and compared.

Closed, fixed-response interview - all interviewees are asked the same questions and asked to choose answers from among the same set of alternatives. This format is useful for those not practiced in interviewing.

Employment-related

Exit interview

Informational interview

Job interview

* Case interview

* Programming interview

Microsoft interview

Telephone interview

Others

Stages of interview investigation

Thematizing, the why and what of the investigation

Designing, plan the design of the study

Interviewing, conduct the interview based on a guide

Transcribing, prepare the interview material for analysis

Analyzing, decide on the purpose, the topic, the nature and methods of analysis that are appropriate

Verifying, ascertain the validity of the interview findings

Reporting, communicate findings of the study based on academic criteria

Publications

Several publications give prominence to interviews, including:

Interviews with novelists conducted since 1950 by The Paris Review

Interviews with celebrities conducted by Interview (magazine)|Interview magazine, co-founded by Andy Warhol in 1969

The Rolling Stone Interview , featured in Rolling Stone magazine

Famous interviews

1957-1960: The Mike Wallace Interview - 30-minute television program interviews conducted by Mike Wallace (journalist)|Mike Wallace

1968: Interviews with Phil Ochs - an interview of folk singer Phil Ochs conducted by Broadside Magazine

1974: Michael Parkinson / Muhammad Ali - television interview of Ali in his prime

1977: Frost/Nixon interviews - 1977 television interviews by British journalist David Frost of former United States President Richard Nixon

early 1980s: Soviet Interview Project - conducted with Soviet emigrants to the United States

1992: Fellini: I'm a Born Liar - Federico Fellini 's last filmed interviews conducted in 1992 for a 2002 feature documentary

1992: Nevermind It's an Interview - interviews with Nirvana (band)|the band Nirvana recorded in 1992 on the night they appeared on Saturday Night Live

1993: Michael Jackson talks to Oprah Winfrey . This became the fourth most watched event in American television history as well as the most watched interview ever, with an audience of one hundred million.

1993: Birthday Cake Interview - an interview of Dr. John Hewson that contributed to the defeat of his party in the Australian federal election, 1993|1993 Australian federal election

2002-3: Living with Michael Jackson - a 2002-3 interview with Michael Jackson , later turned into a documentary

2003: February 2003 Saddam Hussein interview - Dan Rather interviewing Saddam Hussein days before the 2003 invasion of Iraq

2008: Sarah Palin interviews with Katie Couric? - Katie Couric interviewing Sarah Palin

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