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Biography
Other people2|Jimmy Smith (disambiguation)!Jimmy SmithRefimprove|date=June 2009Infobox musical artist | name = Jimmy Smith| image = Jimmy Oscar Smith Hammond.JPG|thumb|230px|| caption = Jimmy Smith on the Hammond organ| image_size = | background = non_vocal_instrumentalist| birth_name = James Oscar Smith| alias = The Incredible Jimmy Smith| Born = December 8, 1925 Norristown, Pennsylvania|Norristown , Pennsylvania , United States | Died = February 8, 2005 (aged 79) Scottsdale, Arizona|Scottsdale , Arizona , United States| origin =| instrument = Hammond B3|Hammond B-3 electric organ (music)|organ | genre = Hard bop Mainstream jazz Jazz-funk Jazz fusion | occupation = musician| years_active = 1956–2005| label = Blue Note Records|Blue Note , Verve Records|Verve | associated_acts =| website =| current_members =| past_members =| notable_instruments = Jimmy Smith (December 8, 1925cite book | first= David | last= Roberts | year= 2006 | title= British Hit Singles & Albums | edition= 19th | publisher= Guinness World Records Limited | location= London | isbn= 1-904994-10-5 | page= 509 or 1928cite news | first=Joe | last=Holley | title=Jazz Musician Jimmy Smith, Master Organist, Dies at 76 | url= http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A15770-2005Feb10.html | location = | agency= | newspaper=The Washington Post | date=February 11, 2005 – February 8, 2005) was a jazz musician whose performances on the Hammond B3|Hammond B-3 electric organ (music)|organ helped to popularize the instrument. In 2005, Smith was awarded the NEA Jazz Masters|NEA Jazz Masters Award from the National Endowment for the Arts , the highest honor that the United States bestows upon jazz musicians.Allmusic|class=artist|id=p126371/biography|pure_url=yes Allmusic biography http://www.musicianguide.com/biographies/1608004542/Jimmy-Smith.html~T2 Musician Biographies
Early years
Expand section|Early life before career started|date=January 2011His birth year is of some confusion, with various sources citing either 1925 or 1928. Born James Oscar Smith in Norristown, Pennsylvania , at the age of six he joined his father doing a song-and-dance routine in clubs. He began teaching himself to play the piano. When he was nine, Smith won a Philadelphia radio talent contest as a boogie-woogie pianist.cite web|title=50 great moments in jazz: Jimmy Smith and the Hammond organ|url= http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/musicblog/2010/jun/02/jimmy-smith-hammond-organ|publisher=Guardian News and Media Limited|accessdate=18 April 2011|author=John Fordham|date=June 2, 2010 After a stint in the navy, he began furthering his musical education in 1948, with a year at Royal Hamilton College of Music , then the Leo Ornstein School of Music in Philadelphia in 1949. He began exploring the Hammond organ in 1951. From 1951 to 1954 he played piano, then organ in Philly R& B bands like Don Gardner and the Sonotones. He switched to organ permanently in 1953 after hearing Wild Bill Davis .cite book|last=Dicaire|first=David|title=Jazz musicians, 1945 to the present|year=2006|publisher=McFarland|isbn=0786420979|pages=110–13cite book|title=The Biographical Encyclopedia of Jazz|year=2007|publisher=Oxford University Press US|isbn=019532000X|pages=611|author=Leonard Feather|coauthors=Ira Gitler
Career
He purchased his first Hammond organ, rented a warehouse to practice in and emerged after little more than a year. Upon hearing him playing in a Philadelphia club, Blue Note's Alfred Lion immediately signed him to the label and his second album, The Champ (Jimmy Smith album)|The Champ , quickly established Smith as a new star on the jazz scene. He was a prolific recording artist and, as a leader, dubbed The Incredible Jimmy Smith , he recorded around 40 sessions for Blue Note Records|Blue Note in just eight years beginning in 1956. Albums from this period include The Sermon! , House Party , ''Home Cookin' , Midnight Special , Back at the Chicken Shack and Prayer Meetin' .
The Jimmy Smith Trio, with guitarist Eddie McFadden and drummer Donald "Duck" Bailey , performed " When Johnny Comes Marching Home " and "The Sermon" in the 1964 film Get Yourself a College Girl .
In the 1970s, Smith opened his own supper club in Los Angeles , California , and played there regularly with guitarist Paul C. Saenz, LarryPaxton on drums and Freddy Garcia on saxophone.
Smith had a career revival in the 1980s and 1990s, again recording for Blue Note and Verve, and for Milestone Records|Milestone and Elektra Records|Elektra . Smith also recorded with other artists including Quincy Jones/Frank Sinatra, Michael Jackson , Dee Dee Bridgewater and Joey DeFrancesco .
His last major album, Dot Com Blues (Blue Thumb, 2000), featured many special guests such as Dr. John , B. B. King and Etta James .
Musical style
While the electric organ had been used in jazz by Fats Waller , Count Basie , Wild Bill Davis and others, Smith's virtuoso improvisation technique on the Hammond helped to popularize the electric organ as a jazz and blues instrument. The B3 and companion Leslie speaker produce a distinctive sound, including percussive "clicks" with each key stroke. Smith's style on fast tempo pieces combined bluesy "licks" with bebop -based single note runs. For ballads, he played walking bass lines on the bass pedals. For uptempo tunes, he would play the bass line on the lower manual and use the pedals for emphasis on the attack of certain notes, which helped to emulate the attack and sound of a string bass .
Influence
Unreferenced section|date=March 2011Smith influenced a constellation of List of jazz organists|jazz organists , including Jimmy McGriff , Brother Jack McDuff , Richard "Groove" Holmes , Joey DeFrancesco and Larry Goldings , as well as rock music|rock keyboardists like Jon Lord , Brian Auger and Keith Emerson . More recently, Smith influenced bands such as the Beastie Boys , who sampled the bassline from "Root Down (and Get It)" from Root Down (Jimmy Smith album)|Root Down & mdash;and saluted Smith in the lyrics& mdash;for their own hit "Root Down," Medeski, Martin & Wood , and the Hayden-Eckert Ensemble. Often called the father of acid jazz , Smith lived to see that movement come to reflect Smith's organ style. In 1999, Smith guested on two tracks of a live album, Incredible! , the hit from the 1960s, with his protégé, Joey DeFrancesco , a then 28-year-old organist. Smith and DeFrancesco later played together on the collaborative album Legacy , released in 2005 shortly after Smith's death. In the 1990s, Smith went to Nashville, taking a break from his ongoing gigs at his Sacramento restaurant which he owned and, in Music City, Nashville, he produced, with the help of a webmaster, Dot Com Blues , his last Verve album.
Discography
As leader
; Blue Note
1956: A New Sound... A New Star...|A New Sound... A New Star... Jimmy Smith at the Organ Volume 1
1956: A New Sound A New Star: Jimmy Smith at the Organ Volume 2
1956: The Incredible Jimmy Smith at the Organ
1956: At Club Baby Grand|At Club Baby Grand Volume One
1956: At Club Baby Grand|At Club Baby Grand Volume Two
http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist.aspx? ob=rnd& src=rslt& aid=2740 Jimmy Smith on Verve Records
http://www.bluenote.com/artistpage.asp? ArtistID=3393& tab=1 Jimmy Smith on Blue Note Records
http://www.orinjj.force9.co.uk/JimmySmith/ Jimmy Smith comprehensive discography
http://www.organguitardrums.com/SJ_Jimmy_Smith.htm Jimmy Smith discography at Organ, Guitar, Drums
IMDb name|0808732|Jimmy Smith
Persondata | NAME = Smith, Jimmy | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = Jazz musician | DATE OF BIRTH = December 8, 1925 | PLACE OF BIRTH = Norristown, Pennsylvania, United States | DATE OF DEATH = February 8, 2005 | PLACE OF DEATH = Scottsdale, Arizona, United States DEFAULTSORT:Smith, Jimmy Category:1925 births Category:2005 deaths Category:Soul-jazz organists Category:Hard bop organists Category:Jazz-funk organists Category:American jazz organists Category:American jazz keyboardists Category:Musicians from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Category:Verve Records artists Category:Mercury Records artists Category:Milestone Records artists Category:Blue Note Records artists
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