Johnny Otis

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Biography

Ioannis Alexandres Veliotes (December 28, 1921 – January 17, 2012), better known as Johnny Otis , was an United States|American singer , musician , composer , and record producer . Born in Vallejo, California , he is commonly referred to as the "Godfather of Rhythm and Blues".

Personal life

Otis was the child of Greek people|Greek immigrants Alexander J. Veliotes, a Mare Island longshoreman and grocery store owner, and his wife, the former Irene Kiskakes, a Painting|painter .

He was the older brother of Nicholas A. Veliotes , former U.S. Ambassador to Jordan (1978–1981) and to Egypt (1984–1986).

Otis grew up in a predominantly black neighborhood in Berkeley, California , where his father owned and operated a neighborhood grocery store. Otis became well known for his choice to live his professional and personal life as a member of the African-American community.Powers, Ann (2007-03-27). . Los Angeles Times . He has written, "As a kid I decided that if our society dictated that one had to be black or white, I would be black."Johnny Otis, with preface by George Lipsitz (1968). Listen to the Lambs , p. xiii. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-6531-0.

He was the father of musician Shuggie Otis .

Music career

After playing drums in a variety of Swing (genre)|swing orchestras, including Lloyd Hunter 's Serenaders,Perry, J.J. (1998) , Bloomington, Indiana Herald-Times (10/23/1998). Retrieved 7/4/2007. and Harlan Leonard 's Rockets,. Accessed 19 January 2012 he founded his own band in 1945 and had one of the most enduring hits of the big band era, " Harlem Nocturne ". His band included Wynonie Harris and Charles Brown (musician)|Charles Brown . In 1947, he and Bardu Ali opened the Barrelhouse Club in the Watts, Los Angeles, California|Watts district of Los Angeles, California . He reduced the size of his band and hired singers Mel Walker , Esther Phillips|Little Esther Phillips and the Robins (who later became the Coasters ). He discovered the teenaged Phillips when she won one of the Barrelhouse Club's talent shows. With this band, which toured extensively throughout the United States as the California Rhythm and Blues Caravan, he had a long string of rhythm and blues hits through 1950.

In the late 1940s, he discovered Big Jay McNeely , who then performed on his "Barrelhouse Stomp". He began recording for the Newark, New Jersey -based Savoy Records|Savoy label in 1949, and began releasing a stream of records that made the R& B chart , including "Double Crossing Blues", "Mistrustin' Blues" and "Cupid Boogie", which all featured either Little Esther or Mel Walker, or both, and all reached no. 1 on the Billboard (magazine)|Billboard R& B chart. He also began featuring himself on vibraphone on many of his recordings. Otis produced and played the vibraphone on Johnny Ace 's " Pledging My Love ", which was no. 1 on the Billboard R and B chart for 10 weeks in 1955.

In January 1951, Otis released "Mambo Boogie," featuring congas, maracas, claves, and mambo saxophone guajeo s in a blues progression. According to Vernon Boggs, this was the first R& B mamboBoggs, Vernon (1993: 30-31). "Johnny Otis R& B/Mambo Pioneer" Latin Beat Magazine. v. 3 n. 9. Nov.

He moved to the Mercury Records|Mercury label in 1951, but his chart success began to diminish. However, he discovered Etta James and produced and co-wrote her first hit, " The Wallflower (Dance with Me, Henry)|Roll With Me, Henry " (also known as "The Wallflower"). Otis produced, co-wrote, and played drums on the original recording of " Hound Dog (song)|Hound Dog " written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller with vocals by Big Mama Thornton , and was given a writing credit on all six of the 1953 releases of the song. He was a successful songwriter; one of his most famous compositions is " Every Beat of My Heart (song)|Every Beat of My Heart ", first recorded by The Royals in 1952 on Federal Records. Mr. Music. Retrieved 2011-10-10.. Soulful Kinda Music. Retrieved 2011-10-10. but which became a hit for Gladys Knight and the Pips then just 'Pips' in 1961. He also wrote "So Fine" which was originally recorded by The Sheiks in 1955 on Federal. As an A& R|artist and repertory man for King Records (USA)|King Records he also discovered Jackie Wilson , Hank Ballard , and Little Willie John , among others. He also became an influential disc-jockey in Los Angeles. Honkers And Shouters. The Golden Years Of Rhythm And Blues . Crowell-Collier Press, New York, 1978, p. 160

After starting his own label, Dig, in 1955, he continued to perform and appeared on regular TV shows in Los Angeles from 1957. On the strength of their success, he signed to Capitol Records . Featuring singer Marie Adams, and with his band now being credited as the Johnny Otis Show, he made a comeback, at first in the British charts with "Ma He's Making Eyes At Me" in 1957.. Accessed 19 January 2012 In April 1958, he recorded his best-known recording, "Willie and the Hand Jive", a clave (rhythm)|clave -based vamp, which relates to hand and arm motions in time with the music, called the hand jive . This went on to be a hit in the summer of 1958, peaking at #9 on the U.S. Pop chart, and becoming Otis' only Top 10 single. The single reached no. 1 on the Billboard R and B chart. The song was covered by Eric Clapton in 1974, and became a staple of his live repertoire. Otis' success with the song was short-lived, and he briefly moved to King Records (United States)|King Records in 1961, where he backed Johnny "Guitar" Watson on some recordings.

In 1969 he recorded an album of sexually explicit material under the name Snatch and the Poontangs. In 1970 he played at the legendary Monterey Jazz Festival with Little Esther Phillips and Eddie Vinson|Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson . In the 1980s he had a weekly radio show in Los Angeles, playing R& B music, and also recorded with his son Shuggie Otis, releasing the 1982 album The New Johnny Otis Show .

Otis continued performing through the 1990s and headlined the San Francisco Blues Festival in 1990 and 2000, although because of his many other interests he went through long periods where he did not perform. He was inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 as a nonperformer for his work as a songwriter and producer.. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum. Retrieved 2011-10-10.

Other work

In the 1960s, he entered journalism and politics, losing a campaign for a seat in the California State Assembly (one reason for the loss may be that he ran under his much less well known real name). He then became chief of staff for United States Democratic Party|Democratic Congressman Mervyn M. Dymally . He was also was the pastor of Landmark Community Church.

In the 1990s, Otis bought a farm near Sebastopol, California , north of San Francisco . For a time he ran a coffee shop/grocery store/blues club, where one of the featured singers was the Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia -born singer Jackie Payne . Around this time Otis also founded and pastored a new church, Landmark Community Gospel Church, which held weekly rehearsals in the tiny town of Forestville, California , and Sunday services in Santa Rosa, California . Landmark's worship services centered on Otis' preaching and the traditional-style performances of a gospel choir and a male gospel quartet, backed by a rocking band that featured Otis' son Nicky Otis and Shuggie's son, Lucky Otis. The church closed its doors in the mid-1990s.
Otis hosted a radio show on KPFA , The Johnny Otis Show . This show was aired every Saturday morning, live from the Powerhouse Brewery in Sebastopol. Listeners were invited to stop in for breakfast and enjoy the show live. Due to declining health, as well as his relocation to Los Angeles, his participation in the show decreased. The show last aired on August 19, 2006.
He died on January 17, 2012, just three days before Etta James , whom he discovered in the 1950s.

Discography

Chart singles

Year	Single	Artists	Chart Positions
Year	Single	Artists	US Pop cite book	US R& B cite book	UK cite book
1948	"That's Your Last Boogie"	Joe Swift with Johnny Otis & His Orchestra	-	10	-
1950	" Double Crossing Blues "	Johnny Otis Quintette, The Robins and Little Esther	-	1	-
	"Mistrustin' Blues" / "Misery"	Little Esther with Mel Walker and the Johnny Otis Orchestra Little Esther with the Johnny Otis Orchestra	- -	1 9	- -
	"Cry Baby"	The Johnny Otis Orchesta, Mel Walker and the Bluenotes	-	6	-
	"Cupid Boogie"	The Johnny Otis Orchesta, Little Esther and Mel Walker	-	1	-
	"Deceivin' Blues"	Little Esther and Mel Walker with the Johnny Otis Orchestra	-	4	-
	"Dreamin' Blues"	Mel Walker with the Johnny Otis Orchestra	-	8	-
	"Wedding Boogie" / "Far Away Blues (Xmas Blues)"	Johnny Otis' Congregation: Little Esther, Mel Walker, Lee Graves The Johnnie Otis Orchestra with Little Esther and Mel Walker	- -	6 6	- -
	"Rockin' Blues"	The Johnny Otis Orchestra with Mel Walker	-	2	-
1951	"Gee Baby" / "Mambo Boogie"	The Johnny Otis Orchestra	- -	2 4	- -
1951	"All Nite Long"	The Johnny Otis Orchestra	-	6	-
1952	"Sunset To Dawn"	Mel Walker with the Johnny Otis Orchestra	-	10	-
1952	"Call Operator 210"	Johnny Otis and His Orchestra featuring Mel Walker	-	4	-
1957	"Ma He's Making Eyes At Me"	Johnny Otis and His Orchestra with Marie Adams and The Three Tons of Joy	-	-	2
1958	"Bye Bye Baby"	The Johnny Otis Show, vocals by Marie Adams and Johnny Otis	-	-	20
	" Willie and the Hand Jive "	The Johnny Otis Show	9	1	-
	"Crazy Country Hop"	The Johnny Otis Show	87	-	-
1959	"Castin' My Spell"	The Johnny Otis Show	52	-	-
1960	"Mumblin' Mosie"	The Johnny Otis Show	80	-	-
1969	"Country Girl"	The Johnny Otis Show	-	29	-

Copyright Citations

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1. John Mayall 2. Jackie Wilson 3. Laura Love Band 4. Hank Ballard 5. Ike and 6. Ralph Bass 7. Esther Phillips 8. Beach Boys 9. Ernestine Anderson 10. Laura Love 11. Lavay Smith 12. Little Willie John 13. r&b 14. Rock N Roll 15. Roy Buchanan 16. Stone Poneys 17. Roy Milton 18. Rhythm & Blues

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