Mayday

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Mayday is an emergency procedure word used internationally as a distress signal in voice procedure radio communications. It French phrases used by English speakers#French phrases in international air-sea rescue|derives from the French venez 'm'aider , meaning "come help me".

It is used to signal a life-threatening emergency primarily by mariners and aviators, but in some countries local organisations such as police forces, firefighters , and transportation organizations also use the term. The call is always given three times in a row ("Mayday Mayday Mayday") to prevent mistaking it for some similar-sounding phrase under noisy conditions, and to distinguish an actual Mayday call from a message about a Mayday call.

Mayday calls

Making a false distress call in the United States is a federal crime carrying sanctions of up to six years imprisonment, and a fine of $250,000.

If a mayday call cannot be sent because a radio is not available a variety of other distress signal s and call for help|calls for help can be used. A mayday can be sent on behalf of one vessel by another, using a convention called a mayday relay ( Mayday_%28distress_signal%29#Mayday_relay| see below ).

Civilian aircraft making a mayday call in United States airspace are encouraged to use the following format (omitting any portions as necessary for expediency or where they are irrelevant):

History

The Mayday callsign originated in 1923 by Frederick Stanley Mockford (1897–1962).& nbsp;— genealogy A senior radio officer at Croydon Airport in London , Mockford was asked to think of a word that would indicate distress and would easily be understood by all pilots and ground staff in an emergency. Since much of the traffic at the time was between Croydon and Le Bourget Airport in Paris , he proposed the word "Mayday" from the French m’aider .
"Venez m'aider" means "come help me."

Other urgent calls

Mayday is one of a number of words used internationally as radio Code word#Radio communication procedure words|code word s to signal important information. Senders of urgency calls are entitled to interrupt messages of lower priority. As with Mayday the use of these terms without proper cause could render the user liable to civil and/or criminal charges.

Each of these urgency calls is usually spoken three times; e.g., "Pan-pan, Pan-pan, Pan-pan."

Mayday relay

A Mayday relay call is made by one vessel on behalf of a different vessel which is in distress. If a vessel makes a Mayday call and it is not acknowledged by the coastguard after a single repetition and a two-minute wait, then a vessel receiving the Mayday call should attempt to contact the coastguard on behalf of the Mayday vessel by broadcasting a Mayday relay .

A Mayday relay call should use the callsign of the transmitting vessel but give the name and position of the Mayday vessel.

Mayday relay calls can be used to summon help for a vessel which is either too far offshore to contact the coastguard directly or without radio capabilities (though most vessels above a certain size or crew complement are legally required to carry two-way radio equipment, such equipment can potentially be damaged or destroyed).

Pan-pan

Pan-pan (from the French: panne & nbsp;– a breakdown) indicates an urgent situation of a lower order than a "grave and imminent threat requiring immediate assistance", such as a mechanical breakdown or a medical problem. The suffix medico used to be added by vessels in UK waters to indicate a medical problem ( Pan-Pan medico , repeated three times), or by aircraft declaring a non-life-threatening medical emergency of a passenger in flight, or those operating as protected medical transport in accordance with the Geneva Conventions .ICAO Annex 10 V2 Section 5.3 "Pan-pan medico" is no longer in official use.

Declaring emergency

Sometimes the phrase "declaring emergency" is used in aviation. This is the same as calling "Mayday". For example Swissair Flight 111 radioed "Swissair one eleven heavy is declaring emergency" on discovering their situation. for Pinnacle Airlines Flight 3701

Securite

Securite (;SAY-CURE-E-TAY according to the
from French sécurité & nbsp;— safety) indicates a message about safety, such as a hazard to navigation or weather information.

Silence

The following calls may be made only by the vessel in distress or the responding authority:

Seelonce Mayday or Seelonce Distress means that the channel may only be used by the vessel in distress and the coastguard (and any other vessels they ask for assistance in handling the emergency). The channel may not be used for normal working traffic until 'seelonce feenee' is broadcast.

The expressions Stop Transmitting& nbsp;— Distress and Stop Transmitting& nbsp;— Mayday are the aeronautical equivalents of Seelonce Mayday.

Seelonce Feenee (French: silence fini & nbsp;— silence finished) means that the emergency situation has been concluded and the channel may now be used normally. The word prudonce ( prudence caution) can also be used to allow restricted working to resume on that channel.

Distress Traffic Ended is the aeronautical equivalent of seelonce feenee.

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