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Biography
Use mdy dates|date=October 2011 Nathan Mironovich Milstein (OldStyleDate|January 13, 1904| |December 31, 1903spaced ndashDecember 21, 1992) was a Russia n-born American virtuoso violinist.
Widely considered one of the finest violinists of the 20th century, Milstein was known for his interpretations of Johann Sebastian Bach|Bach's solo violin works and for works from the Romantic music|Romantic period. He was also known for his long career: he performed at a high level into his mid 80s, retiring only after suffering a broken hand.
Biography
He was born in Odessa , then part of the Russian Empire (now in Ukraine ), the fourth child of seven, to a middle-class Jewish family with virtually no musical background. It was a concert by the 11-year-old Jascha Heifetz that inspired his parents to make a violinist out of Milstein. As a child of seven, he started violin studies (as suggested by his parents, to keep him out of mischief) with the eminent violin pedagogue Pyotr Stolyarsky , also the teacher of renowned violinist David Oistrakh .
When Milstein was 11, Leopold Auer invited him to become one of his students at the Saint Petersburg Conservatory|St. Petersburg Conservatory . Milstein reminisced:
Every little boy who had the dream of playing better than the other boy wanted to go to Auer. He was a very gifted man and a good teacher. I used to go to the Conservatory twice a week for classes. I played every lesson with forty or fifty people sitting and listening. Two pianos were in the classroom and a pianist accompanied us. When Auer was sick, he would ask me to come to his home. High Fidelity , November 1977, 84, 86. As quoted in Schwarz, 443.
Milstein may in fact have been the last of the great Russian violinists to have had personal contact with Auer. Auer did not name Milstein in his memoirs but mentions "two boys from Odessa ... both of whom disappeared after I left St. Petersburg in June 1917."Auer, Leopold, My Long Life in Music , 343–344. As quoted in Schwarz, 443. Neither is Milstein's name in the registry of the St Petersburg Conservatory.
Milstein also studied with Eugčne Ysa˙e in Belgium. He told film director|film-maker Christopher Nupen , director of Nathan Milstein – A Portrait , that he learned almost nothing from Ysa˙e but enjoyed his company enormously. In a 1977 interview printed in High Fidelity (magazine)|High Fidelity , he said, "I went to Ysa˙e in 1926 but he never paid any attention to me. I think it might have been better this way. I had to think for myself." High Fidelity , November 1977, 86. As quoted in Schwarz, Boris, Great Masters of the Violin (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1983), p. 444.
Milstein met Vladimir Horowitz and his pianist sister Regina in 1921 when he played a recital in Kiev . They invited him for tea at their parents' home. Milstein later said, "I came for tea and stayed three years."Schwarz, 443. Milstein and Horowitz performed together, as "children of the revolution," throughout the Soviet Union and struck up a life-long friendship. In 1925, they went on a concert tour of Western Europe together.
He made his American debut in 1929 with Leopold Stokowski and the Philadelphia Orchestra . He eventually settled in New York and became an American citizen. He toured repeatedly throughout Europe, maintaining residences in London and Paris.
A transcriber and composer, Milstein arranged many works for violin and wrote his own cadenza s for many concertos. He was obsessed with articulating each note perfectly and would often spend long periods of time working out fingerings which would make passages sound more articulated. One of his best known compositions is Paganiniana , a set of variations on various themes from the works of Niccolň Paganini .
In 1948, his recording of Felix Mendelssohn|Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto (Mendelssohn)|Violin Concerto in E minor , with Bruno Walter conducting the New York Philharmonic , had the distinction of being the first catalogue item in Columbia Records|Columbia's newly introduced LP album|long-playing twelve-inch 33 rpm Polyvinyl chloride|vinyl records, Columbia ML 4001.
He was awarded the Légion d'honneur by France in 1968, and received a Grammy Award for his recording of Bach's Sonatas and partitas for solo violin (Bach)|sonatas and partitas in 1975. He was also awarded Kennedy Center honors by President of the United States|US President Ronald Reagan .
A recital he gave in Stockholm in July 1986 proved to be his final performance. This recital was recorded in its in entirety and shows the remarkable condition of his technique at age 82. A fall shortly afterwards in which he severely broke his left hand ended his career.
After playing many different violins in his earlier days, Milstein finally acquired the 1716 "Goldman" Stradivari in 1945 which he used for the rest of his life. He renamed this Stradivari the "Maria Teresa" in honour of his daughter Maria (presently wife of Marchese GiovanAngelo Theodoli-Braschi, Duke of Nemi and Grandee of Spain, descendant from Pope Pius VI) and his wife Therese. He also performed on the 1710 ex-"Dancla" Stradivarius for a short period.
During the late 1980s, Milstein published his memoirs, From Russia to the West , in which he discussed his life of constant performance and socializing. Milstein discusses the personalities of important composers such as Alexander Glazunov , Sergei Prokofiev , Sergei Rachmaninoff and Igor Stravinsky and conductors such as Arturo Toscanini and Leopold Stokowski, all of whom he knew personally. He also discusses his best friends, pianist Vladimir Horowitz, cellist Gregor Piatigorsky and ballet director George Balanchine , as well as other violinists such as Fritz Kreisler and David Oistrakh . Milstein also expressed his generally conservative, strongly anti-communist and anti-Soviet political beliefs. Milstein said that President Kennedy was a weak leader, admired President Reagan, and stated that he refused to return to the Soviet Union, even for a tour sponsored by the United States.
Milstein was married twice, remaining married to his second wife, Therese, until his death. He died of a heart attack in London on December& nbsp;21, 1992, just three weeks before his 89th birthday. http://inkpot.com/classical/milstein.html Inkpot biography
References
reflist|colwidth=30em
From Russia to the West: The Musical Memoirs & Reminiscences of Nathan Milstein by Nathan Milstein & Solomon Volkov. Limelight Edition, 1991.
Nathan Milstein by Tully Potter, 1995. From CD booklet notes (Testament SBT 1047).
Henry Roth, Nathan Milstein , in Violin Virtuosos, From Paganini to the 21st Century , Los Angeles, California Classics Books, 1997, pp. 130-138
Paolo Cecchinelli, Nathan Milstein. Paganiniana. Variations for violin solo , in Quaderni dell’Istituto di Studi Paganiniani , n. 12 (2000), pp. 25-36.
Beethoven and Brahms violin concertos. (2001) EMI Records Ltd. Barcode 0724356758353
http://www.webcitation.org/query? url= http://www.geocities.com/Vienna/5585/millife.html& date=2009-10-25+11:39:46 Milstein website (but with dead links)
Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s Persondata | NAME =Milstein, Nathan | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = | DATE OF BIRTH = 1904 | PLACE OF BIRTH = | DATE OF DEATH = 1992 | PLACE OF DEATH =
DEFAULTSORT:Milstein, Nathan Category:Russian classical violinists Category:Ukrainian classical violinists Category:Imperial Russian Jews Category:Soviet emigrants to the United States Category:American Jews Category:American classical violinists Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:Jewish classical musicians Category:Jewish violinists Category:People from Odessa Category:1904 births Category:1992 deaths Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Kennedy Center honorees|Milstein, Nathan Category:Saint Petersburg Conservatory alumni
