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Biography
Other uses2|OvationRomanMilitaryThe ovation (lang-la|ovatio) was a lower form of the Roman triumph . Ovations were granted, when war was not declared between enemies on the level of states, when an enemy was considered basely inferior ( Slave rebellion|slave s, pirate s) or when the general conflict was resolved with little to no bloodshed or danger to the army itself.Cite book|last=Maxfield |first=Valerie A. |title=The Military Decorations of the Roman Army |year=1981 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=978-0-520-04499-9 |pages=104–105|url= http://books.google.com/books? id=Nuex2PW7QR0C& pg=PA104 |accessdate=6 October 2011
The general celebrating the ovation did not enter the city on a biga (chariot)|biga , a chariot pulled by two White (horse)|white horse s, as generals celebrating triumphs did, but instead walked in the toga|toga praetexta of a Magistratus|magistrate (a toga with a purple stripe, unlike generals in triumphs, who wore the toga|toga picta that was totally purple and adorned with gold embroidery).
The honoured general also wore a wreath of Myrtus|myrtle (sacred to Venus (mythology)|Venus ) upon his brow, rather than the triumphal wreath of Bay laurel|laurel . The Roman Senate did not precede the general, nor did soldiers usually participate in the procession.
Perhaps the most famous ovation in history is that which Marcus Licinius Crassus celebrated after his victory of the Third Servile War .
Ovation holders
Roman Republic|Republic There were 23 known ovations during the Republic.G. Rohde. Ovatio , RE XVIII, 1939, p. 1890-1903
503 BC - P. Postumius Tubertus (over Sabins)
487 BC - C. Aquilius Tuscus
474 BC - A. Manlius Volso
462 BC - T. Veturius Geminus Cicurinus
421 BC - Cn. Fabius Vibulanus
410 BC - C. Valerius Potitus Volusus
390 BC - M. Manlius Capitolinus
360 BC - M. Fabius Ambustus
290 or 289 BC - Marcus Curius Dentatus|M. Curius Dentatus
211 BC - Marcus Claudius Marcellus|M. Claudius Marcellus
207 BC - C. Claudius Nero
200 BC - L. Cornelius Lentulus
196 BC - Cn. Cornelius Blasius
195 BC - M. Helvius
191 BC - M. Fulvius
185 BC - L. Manlius Acidinus Fulvianus
182 BC - A. Terentius Varro
174 BC - Ap. Claudius Centho
132 BC - Marcus Perperna|M. Perperna
99 BC - M. Aquilius
71 BC - Marcus Licinius Crassus|M. Licinius Crassus
