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Biography
Use dmy dates|date=April 2012Other people|Peter ScottInfobox person| name = Sir Peter Markham Scott| honorific_suffix = Order of the Companions of Honour|CH , Order of the British Empire|CBE , Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|DSC and medal bar|Bar , mentioned in dispatches|MID , Royal Society|FRS , Zoological Society|FZS | image = peter scott in 1954 arp.jpg| image_size =| alt =| caption = Peter Scott in 1954 (he became Sir Peter Scott in 1973).| birth_date = Birth date|1909|09|14|df=yes| birth_place = London, United Kingdom| death_date = Death date and age|1989|08|29|1909|09|14|df=yes| death_place = Bristol | death_cause =| resting_place =| resting_place_coordinates = | monuments = Statue of Sir Peter Scott at the WWT London Wetland Centre | residence =| nationality =| other_names =| ethnicity = | citizenship =| education =| alma_mater =| occupation = ornithologist , conservation movement|conservationist , Painting|painter , naval officer and sportsman.| years_active =| employer =| organization =| agent =| known_for =| notable_works =| style =| influences =| influenced =| home_town =| salary =| net_worth =| height =| weight =| television =| title =| term =| predecessor =| successor =| party =| movement =| opponents =| boards =| religion = | denomination = | spouse =| partner =| children =| parents =| relatives =| awards =| signature =| signature_alt =| signature_size =| website = MedalTableTopMedalOlympicsMedalSport|Men's Sailing at the Summer Olympics|sailing MedalBronze| 1936 Summer Olympics|1936 Berlin | Sailing at the 1936 Summer Olympics|Monotype class MedalBottom Sir Peter Markham Scott , Order of the Companions of Honour|CH , Order of the British Empire|CBE , Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|DSC and medal bar|Bar , mentioned in dispatches|MID , Royal Society|FRS , Zoological Society|FZS , (14 September 1909 – 29 August 1989) was a British ornithologist , conservation movement|conservationist , Painting|painter , naval officer and sportsman.
Scott was knighted in 1973 for his contribution to the Conservation biology|conservation of wild animals. He had been a founder of the World Wildlife Fund , a founder of several wetlands bird sanctuaries in Britain, and an influence on international conservation.Courtney, Julia 1989. Sir Peter Scott: champion for the environment and founder of the World Wildlife Fund . Stevens, Milwaukee. He received the WWF Gold Medal and the J. Paul Getty Award for Conservation Leadership|J. Paul Getty Prize for his work.
Life history
Early life
Scott was born in London, the only child of Antarctic explorer Robert Falcon Scott and sculptor Kathleen Scott|Kathleen Bruce . He was only two years old when his father died. Robert Scott, in a last letter to his wife, advised her to "make the boy interested in natural history if you can; it is better than games."''Scott's Last Expedition'', Smith, Elder & Co., London, 1913 OCLC 15522514 http://www.lettersofnote.com/2010/11/to-my-widow.html Robert Falcon Scott's letter to his widow He was named after Sir Clements Markham , mentor of Scott's polar expeditions, and his Godparent|godfather was J. M. Barrie , creator of Peter Pan .
He was educated at Oundle School and Trinity College, Cambridge , initially reading Natural Sciences but graduating in the History of Art in 1931.
Success in art
Like his mother, he displayed a strong artistic talent and had his first exhibition in London in 1933. His wealthy background allowed him to follow his interests in art, wildlife and many sports, including sailing and ice skating . He represented British Olympic Committee|Great Britain and Northern Ireland at dinghy racing|sailing in the 1936 Berlin Olympic Games , winning a bronze medal in the O-Jolle class dinghy.
Second World War
During World War II , Scott served in the Royal Navy , emulating his father. He served first in destroyer s in the North Atlantic but later moved to commanding the First (and only) Squadron of Steam Gun Boat s against Germany|German E-boats in the English Channel. http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/78/a5567178.shtml BBC WW2 Peoples War accessed 11 December 2007 He is also partly credited with designing ' Military camouflage#Ship camouflage|shadow camouflage ', which disguised the look of ship superstructure. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Service Cross for bravery.
Post war life
He stood as a Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative candidate unsuccessfully in the United Kingdom general election, 1945|1945 general election in Wembley North . In 1948, he founded the organisation with which he was ever afterwards closely associated, the Severn Wildfowl Trust (now the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust ) with its headquarters at WWT Slimbridge|Slimbridge in Gloucestershire . In the years that followed, he led ornithological expeditions worldwide, and became a television personality , popularising the study of wildfowl and wetlands . His BBC natural history series, Look , ran from 1955 to 1981 and made him a household name. He wrote and illustrated several books on the subject, including his autobiography , The Eye of the Wind (1961). In the 1950s, he also appeared regularly on BBC radio's Children's Hour , in the series, " Nature Parliament ".
He married the novelist Elizabeth Jane Howard in 1942. A daughter, Nicola, was born a year later. They divorced in 1951 and he married an assistant, Philippa Scott|Philippa Talbot-Ponsonby , while on an expedition to Iceland in search of the breeding grounds of the Pink-footed Goose . A daughter, Dafila, was born later in the same year. (Dafila is the old Taxonomy|scientific name for a Northern Pintail|pintail ). She, too, is now an artist, painting birds. http://www.swla.co.uk/SWLAmembers/scottd/ScottD.htm. A son, Falcon was born in 1954. http://www.guardian.co.uk/theguardian/2010/jan/10/philippa-scott-obituary Philippa Scott obituary, The Guardian, Sunday 10 Jan. 2010
Scott took up gliding in 1956 and became a British champion in 1963. He was chairman of the British Gliding Association (BGA) for two years from 1968 and was president of the Bristol & Gloucestershire Gliding Club. He was responsible for involving Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Prince Philip in gliding; the Prince is still patron of the BGA.
From 1973 to 1983, Scott was Chancellor of the University of Birmingham . In 1992, he was awarded an Honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) from the University of Bath .cite web |url= http://www.bath.ac.uk/ceremonies/hongrads/ |title=Honorary Graduates 1989 to present | publisher = University of Bath |work=bath.ac.uk |accessdate=18 February 2012 He died of a heart attack on 29 August 1989 in Bristol , just 2 weeks' shy of his 80th birthday.cite journal|title=Sir Peter Scott|journal=Singapore Tatler|issue=November 1989|pages=117–119
He was the founder President of the Society of Wildlife Artists and President of the Nature in Art Trustcite web|url= http://nature-in-art.org.uk/trust.html|title=Nature in Art - Trust|publisher=Nature in Art Trsut|accessdate=23 March 2010 (a role in which Philippa succeeded him).
Scott tutored numerous artists including Paul Karslake FRSA.
Sailing
Scott also continued with his love of sailing, skippering the 12 metre yacht Sovereign (yacht)|Sovereign in the 1964 challenge for the America's Cup which was held by the USA . Sovereign suffered a whitewash 4-0 defeat in a one-sided competition where the American boat was seen to be the faster design. From 1955 - 1969 he was the president of the International Sailing Federation
World Wide Fund for Nature
He was one of the founders of the World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly called the World Wildlife Fund), and designed its Giant Panda|panda logo. His pioneering work in conservation also contributed greatly to the shift in policy of the International Whaling Commission and signing of the Antarctic Treaty , the latter inspired by his visit to his father's base on Ross Island in Antarctica.
Loch Ness Monster
He is also remembered for giving the scientific name of Nessiteras rhombopteryx (based on a blurred underwater photograph of a supposed fin) to the Loch Ness Monster so that it could be registered as an endangered species.Sir Peter Scott, Robert Rines: „Naming the Loch Ness monster", Nature 258, 11 December 1975, 466-468, doi|10.1038/258466a0 The name was based on the Ancient Greek language|Ancient Greek for "the monster of Ness with the diamond shaped fin", but it was later pointed out by The Daily Telegraph to be an anagram of Monster hoax by Sir Peter S . However, Nessie researcher Robert H. Rines , who took 2 supposed pictures of the monster in the 1970s, responded to this by pointing out that the letters could also be read as an anagram for, "Yes, both pix are monsters, R.".Article, "Monster Hoax? ", in New Scientist , Christmas Double Issue, Volume 68, Number 980, page 739 (18-25 December 1975).
In 1962, he co-founded the Loch Ness Monster#Loch Ness Phenomena Investigation Bureau .281962–1972.29|Loch Ness Phenomena Investigation Bureau with the then Conservative MP David James (politician)|David James , who had previously been Polar Adviser on the classic 1948 movie based on his late father's doomed polar expedition Scott of the Antarctic (1948 film)|Scott of the Antarctic . Henry H. Bauer, The Enigma of Loch Ness: Making Sense of a Mystery , page 163 (University of Illinois Press, 1986). ISBN 0-252-01284-4
British Naturalists' Association
Scott was a long-time Vice-President of the British Naturalists' Association , whose Peter Scott Memorial Award was instituted after his death, to commemorate his achievements.
Television documentaries
In June 2004, Scott and Sir David Attenborough were jointly profiled in the second of a three part BBC Two series, The Way We Went Wild , about television wildlife presenters and were described as being largely responsible for the way that the British and much of the world views wildlife.
Scott's life was also the subject of a BBC Four documentary called "Peter Scott - A Passion for Nature" produced in 2006 by Available Light Productions , Bristol .
Cultural references
Scott appears as a minor character in the novel The Plague Dogs by Richard Adams . The fictional Scott assists in deux ex machina|rescuing the protagonists from their final peril.
Scott is cited as a member of the eclectic (and fictional) "orchestra" in The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band 's recording, The Intro and the Outro , where he is credited—appropriately—with playing a duck call .
Notes
reflist
Bibliography
Morning flight. Country Life, London 1936-44.
Wild chorus. Country Life, London 1939.
Through the Air. (with Michael Bratby). Country Life, London 1941.
The battle of the narrow seas. Country Life, White Lion & Scribners, London, New York 1945-74. ISBN 0-85617-788-1
Portrait drawings. Country Life, London 1949.
Key to the wildfowl of the world. Slimbridge 1950.
Wild geese and Eskimos. Country Life & Scribner, London, New York 1951.
A thousand geese. Collins, Houghton & Mifflin, London, Boston 1953/54.
A coloured key to the wildfowl of the world. Royle & Scribner, London, New York 1957-88.
Wildfowl of the British Isles. Country Life, London 1957.
The eye of the wind. (autobiography) Hodder, Stoughton & Brockhampton, London, Leicester 1961-77. ISBN 0-340-04052-1, ISBN 0-340-21515-1
Animals in Africa. Potter & Cassell, New York, London 1962-65.
My favourite stories of wild life. Lutterworth 1965.
Our vanishing wildlife. Doubleday, Garden City 1966.
Happy the man. Sphere, London 1967.
Atlas en couleur des anatidés du monde. Le Bélier-Prisma, Paris 1970.
The wild swans at Slimbridge. Slimbridge 1970.
The swans. Joseph, Houghton & Mifflin, London, Boston 1972. ISBN 0-7181-0707-1
The amazing world of animals. Nelson, Sunbury-on-Thames 1976. ISBN 0-17-149046-0
Observations of wildlife. Phaidon & Cornell, Oxford, Ithaca 1980. ISBN 0-7148-2041-5, ISBN 0-7148-2437-2, ISBN 0-8014-1341-9
Travel diaries of a naturalist. Collins, London. 3 vols: 1983, 1985, 1987. ISBN 0-00-217707-2, ISBN 0-00-219232-2, ISBN 0-00-219554-2
The crisis of the University. Croom Helm, London 1984. ISBN 0-7099-3303-7, ISBN 0-7099-3310-X
Conservation of island birds. Cambridge 1985. ISBN 0-946888-04-3
The art of Peter Scott. Sinclair-Stevenson, London 1992 p. m. ISBN 1-85619-100-1
Forewords
The Red Book - Wildlife in Danger James Fisher, Noel Simon & Jck Vincent, Collins, 1969
* The acknowledgemnts in this book credit Scott with originating the idea behind it
George Edward Lodge - Unpublished Bird Paintings C.A. Fleming ( Pearson PLC|Michael Joseph ) 1983 ISBN 0-7181-2212-7
Illustrations
Cite book
| publisher = Newnes, | pages = 240 p. : illus ; 23 cm. | last = Christian | first = Garth | title = Down the Long Wind - a study of bird migration. | location = London | year = 1961
Films
Wild Wings
External links
http://www.stellabooks.com/articles/peter_scott.php Article illustrated with his paintings
http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/artists/peter-markham-scott Paintings by Scott in the UK The Public Catalogue Foundation|Public Catalogue
s-starts-acasuccession box|title= Rector of the University of Aberdeen |years=1960–1963|before= John Bannerman, Baron Bannerman of Kildonan|John Bannerman |after= John Hunt, Baron Hunt|Sir John Hunt succession box|title= University of Birmingham#Chancellors of the University|Chancellor of the University of Birmingham |years=1973–1983|before= Anthony Eden|The Earl of Avon |after= Alex Jarratt s-end Persondata | NAME = Scott, Peter | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = United Kingdom|British ornithologist , conservation movement|conservationist , Painting|painter , naval officer and sportsman. | DATE OF BIRTH = 14 September 1909 | PLACE OF BIRTH = London , United Kingdom | DATE OF DEATH = 29 August 1989 | PLACE OF DEATH = Bristol DEFAULTSORT:Scott, Peter Category:English ornithologists Category:British conservationists Category:Cryptozoologists Category:Zookeepers Category:English television presenters Category:Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust Category:English illustrators Category:English painters Category:Fellows of the Royal Society Category:Fellows of the Zoological Society of London Category:Stamp designers Category:English yacht racers Category:Sailors at the 1936 Summer Olympics Category:Olympic sailors of Great Britain Category:Olympic bronze medalists for Great Britain Category:America's Cup sailors Category:Oundle Category:Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour Category:Knights Bachelor Category:Anglo-Scots Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross and Bar (United Kingdom) Category:Gliding in England Category:Chancellors of the University of Birmingham Category:Rectors of the University of Aberdeen Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge Category:People educated at West Downs School Category:People educated at Oundle School Category:1909 births Category:1989 deaths Category:English people of Scottish descent Category:English conservationists Category:British bird artists Category:Royal Navy officers of World War II Category:Olympic medalists in sailing
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