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Biography
Infobox musical artist | | name = The Jesus and Mary Chain| image =Jesus and Mary Chain 2007.jpg| caption = The Jesus and Mary Chain performing at The Wiltern in Los Angeles, California on 23 October 2007.| image_size =| landscape = yes| background = group_or_band| origin = East Kilbride , Greater Glasgow , Scotland | genre = Alternative rock , post-punk , shoegazing , noise pop | years_active = 1983–1999, 2007–present| label = Creation Records|Creation , Blanco y Negro Records|Blanco y Negro , Sub Pop , American Recordings (US)|Def American | associated_acts = Freeheat , Lazycame , Black Box Recorder , Primal Scream , Lush (band)|Lush | website = URL| http://thejesusandmarychain.co.uk//| current_members = Jim Reid William Reid (musician)|William Reid Phil King (musician)|Phil King Ride (band)|Loz Colbert Mark Crozer | past_members = Douglas Hart Murray Dalglish Bobby Gillespie John Moore (drummer)|John Moore Martin Hewes James Pinker Dave Evans Richard Thomas Ben Lurie Matthew Parkin Barry Blackler Steve Monti Nick Sanderson (musician)|Nick Sanderson Lincoln Fong The Jesus and Mary Chain are a Scottish alternative rock band formed in East Kilbride , Glasgow in 1983. The band revolves around the songwriting partnership of brothers Jim Reid|Jim and William Reid (musician)|William Reid . They released a string of albums, singles and EPs between their 1983 formation and their 1999 breakup, and gained notoriety in their early days for short sets and violence that became common at their live shows. In 2007, the band reunited.
Biography
Early years
Brothers Jim and William Reid had been inspired to form a band as far back as 1977, having heard groups such as the Sex Pistols , but it would be the early Eighties before they actually formed their own. William stated, "It was perfect timing because there weren't any guitar bands. Everybody was making this electronic pop music." Before forming the band, the brothers had spent five years on the Jobseeker's Allowance|dole , and in those five years they wrote and recorded songs at home and worked out the sound and image of the band.Robertson, p.8 Originally called The Poppy Seeds,Wilson, p.226 and then Death of Joey,Sladeckova, Olga. " http://www.pennyblackmusic.co.uk/MagSitePages/Article.aspx? id=2919 Jesus and Mary Chain : Interview with Jim Reid Part 1". Penny Black Music. 10 August 2002. Retrieved on 20 September 2009. they initially told journalists that they had taken their eventual name from a line in a Bing Crosby film, although six months later they admitted that this wasn't true.Robertson, p.16Strong, p.383 Other accounts suggest that the name derived from an offer on a breakfast cereal packet, where customers could send off for a gold Jesus & Mary chain.
The brothers started recording and sending demos to record companies in 1983, and by early 1984 they had recruited bass player Douglas Hart and teenage drummer Murray Dalglish . Early influences included The Velvet Underground , The Stooges , and The Shangri-Las , William stating in 1985, "We all love The Shangri-Las, and one day we're going to make Shangri-Las records." Early demos displayed a similarity to the Ramones , prompting the brothers to add another element to their sound, in William's words: "That's why we started using noise and feedback. We want to make records that sound different."Robertson, p.15 They began playing live in Spring 1984. In the early days Jim Reid's guitar would be left out of tune, while Dalglish's drum kit was limited to two drums, and Hart's bass guitar only had three strings, down to two by 1985; In Hart's words "that's the two I use, I mean what's the fucking point spending money on another two? Two is enough."Sky News interview, 1985
Struggling to get gigs, the band took to turning up at venues claiming to be the support band, playing their short set and making a quick exit.Robertson, p. 16 After failing to generate any interest from concert promoters and record labels in Scotland, the band relocated to Fulham , London, in May 1984, and soon afterwards their demo tape was passed to fellow Scot Alan McGee by Bobby Gillespie , McGee subsequently promoting a gig for the band at the Living Room in London in June 1984. On the strength of hearing the band sound check, McGee signed them to his Creation Records label on a one-off deal, and McGee also became the band's manager.Robertson, p.17Larkin, p. 227 The debut single, "Upside Down", was recorded in October and released in November that year.Taylor, p.129 The sessions were produced by Joe Foster , but McGee, unsatisfied with Foster's work, remixed the A-side, although the B-side, a cover version of Syd Barrett 's "Vegetable Man", remained credited to Foster.Robertson, p.18 The band were gaining increasing attention from the music press at this time with Neil Taylor of the NME describing them as "the best band in the world".Robertson, p.21
Dalglish left in November 1984 after a dispute over money and was replaced shortly afterwards by Bobby Gillespie who would later go on to form Primal Scream . In December the band were arrested for possession of amphetamine s, and Jim Reid also confessed to using LSD . "Upside Down" topped the UK Indie Chart in February 1985 and then again in March and stayed on the chart for 76 weeks, selling around 35,000 copies in total, making it one of the biggest-selling Independent music|indie singles of the 1980s.Robertson, p.19Lazell, p.123
Playing in front of small audiences, during early shows the Mary Chain performed very short gigs, typically fuelled by amphetamines and lasting around 20 minutes,Larkin, p.227 and played with their backs to the audience, refusing to speak to them. In late December 1984, the band performed as part of the Institute of Contemporary Arts|ICA Rock Week. During their performance, bottles were thrown on stage, with press reports exaggerating events and claiming that there had been a riot, and national newspaper The Sun (newspaper)|The Sun running a story on the band concentrating on violence and drugs, the band attracting the tag "The new Sex Pistols".Robertson, p.22 This led several local councils to ban the band from performing in their area.
Psychocandy
Listen|filename=Jesus And Mary Chain Never Understand.ogg |title="Never Understand" |description="Never Understand" combines Beach Boys melodies with the distortion of White Light/White Heat The success of "Upside Down" led to interest from Warner-Elektra-Atlantic|WEA -subsidiary Blanco y Negro Records which signed the group in early 1985. The group released the single " Never Understand " in February which reached number forty-seven in the UK Singles Chart . The label had initially refused to press the single due to its B-side, "Suck", but went ahead given the alternative put forward by the band, a song called "Jesus Fuck".Robertson, p.31 The band were eager to get "Jesus Fuck" released, and Alan McGee got as far as producing test pressings of a re-issue of "Upside Down" with the song on the B-side, before the band insisted that Blanco y Negro include the track on their next single. The follow-up, "You Trip Me Up", was delayed due to staff at the pressing plant refusing to press it due to the presence of the song, now re-titled "Jesus Suck"; The single was released in June 1985 with a new B-side, "Just Out of Reach".Strong, p. 383 John Peel got the band to record a second session for his BBC Radio 1 show in February 1985 (the first was only a few months earlier), and the band also made a TV appearance on Whistle Test in March and The Tube (TV series)|The Tube the same year.Robertson, p.34 The third single for Blanco y Negro, "Just Like Honey", released in October, gave them their biggest hit to date, reaching #45.
Eager to avoid the violence of earlier gigs and to give an opportunity for their songs to be heard without distortion and feedback, the band planned to perform several unannounced acoustic sets supporting Sonic Youth , but this was abandoned when the plans were leaked.Robertson, p.48 Their debut album Psychocandy followed in November that year. The album fused together the Reids' two primary influences, the guitar noise of The Stooges and The Velvet Underground with The Beach Boys , The Shangri-Las and Phil Spector ; In fact, the album's opening song, "Just Like Honey," borrows Hal Blaine 's famous drum intro from The Ronettes 1963 classic, " Be My Baby ", produced and co-written by Spector.Robertson, p. 49, 56 The record received unanimously positive reviews and is now considered a landmark recording.Robertson, p.52 Drummer Gillespie announced his departure from the band in October 1985, to concentrate on Primal Scream.Robertson, p.51 He had recorded most of the drums on Psychocandy , with John Moore (musician)|John Moore filling in when Gillespie was unavailable, eventually joining the band to replace him. John Loder (sound engineer)|John Loder also acted as a stand-in drummer when Gillespie was unavailable for live performances.
When the band signed to Warner Music Group|WEA subsidiary Blanco y Negro Records|Blanco y Negro in January 1985, there were stories reporting that they had stolen money from managing Director Rob Dickens' jacket and destroyed his office, all untrue but seen as good publicity by manager McGee.Robertson, p. 23 In a performance on Belgian television in March 1985, the band did smash the set and the audio equipment, but this was at the request of the TV producer.Robertson, p. 24 Such behaviour became expected of the band and many shows culminated with the Reids trashing their equipment, which was often followed by the audience throwing projectiles onto the stage and damaging equipment.Sinclair, Mick (1985) " http://micksinclair.com/guardian/jesus.html Live review for The Guardian (unpublished)", The Mick Sinclair Archive
On 15 March 1985, the Jesus and Mary Chain played a gig at the University of North London|North London Polytechnic in front of one of their largest crowds up to that point. The organizers had overbooked the venue, leaving hundreds of fans locked outside. When Gillespie and Hart attempted to break the locks, the police were called. Support band Meat Whiplash had stirred up violence before the Mary Chain even set foot onto the stage when singer Paul McDermott threw an empty wine bottle into the audience, prompting four members of the crowd to attack him, leading to their set being abandoned.Robertson, p.24 Second act The Jasmine Minks got through their set without incident, but the Jesus and Mary Chain then kept the audience waiting for over an hour before taking the stage, and then left the stage after playing for less than twenty minutes. Members of the audience began throwing cans at where the band were hiding behind the stage curtains, before mounting the stage to smash the equipment that remained there. The violence continued for some time before police eventually took control. The venue blamed the band's late appearance and two equipment breakdowns, while McGee issued a statement saying that "the audience were not smashing up the hall, they were smashing up pop music", going on to say "This is truly art as terrorism".Robertson, p.25 The violence soon started to become a hindrance to the band, with people attending concerts simply for the violence rather than the music, William commenting "I hate it, I despise it. It gets in the way in terms of getting more gigs, and it gets in the way of our image". Many performances were cancelled during the remainder of 1985, with promoters or local councils not prepared to risk a riot. The violence flared up again at a performance at the Electric Ballroom in Camden Town in September, with bottles thrown at the band while they played, and a section of the audience smashing up the amplification equipment and smashing the lights afterwards, with several people injured by flying glass.Robertson, p.26 A major factor in the audience reaction was the length of the band's sets at the time, which lasted less than twenty-five minutes, Jim explaining this with "there's never been a group good enough to play any longer". Lack of songs was also a factor, according to Jim: "We've only got enough songs to play for that long".Robertson, p.27
After the success of the album in the UK, the band embarked on a tour of the United States in late 1985 and 1986, followed by a tour of Japan.Robertson, p.60, 65 On returning to the UK they toured the UK, this time without the trouble that had marred earlier performances.Robertson, p.65 The band revived their acoustic intentions with a stripped-down session for John Peel in November 1985, which included "Psychocandy", the original album title track that was omitted from the release, and "Some Candy Talking", a song which they had been performing for over a year, but had left off the album.Robertson, p.68 A second version of "Some Candy Talking" was issued on a free Extended play|EP issued with the NME in January 1986, and the song was released as the band's next single in July. It reached number thirteen in the UK Singles Chart , but attracted controversy when BBC Radio 1 DJ Mike Smith (television presenter)|Mike Smith decided that the song was a paean to illegal drugs (denied by the band at the time, but admitted by William a year later) and convinced the station to ban it from being played.Robertson, p.69
Darklands and Automatic
In September 1986, the band parted ways with manager Alan McGee, and came close to splitting up later in the year, with Jim Reid suffering from "exhaustion".Robertson, p.73 John Moore had become an established member, but moved to rhythm guitar, with former The Redskins|Redskins member Martin Hewes joining the band briefly and former Dead Can Dance percussionist James Pinker taking over on drums.Thompson, p.436 Blanco y Negro manager Geoff Travis took over management duties, and the band returned in December with two gigs at the National Ballroom in Kilburn, London|Kilburn , where they premiered new songs including "April Skies" and "Don't Get Hit".Robertson, p.74 Early in 1987, they entered the studio to record their second album. The first fruits of these sessions were released on the "April Skies" single in April, which saw the band have their first top ten hit. The Beach Boys influence was evident on the B-side, which included "Kill Surf City", a reworking of Brian Wilson's "Surf City".Robertson, p.76 The various formats released also included a cover of Bo Diddley 's "Who Do You Love? ", a tribute to him with "Bo Diddley is Jesus", and a live version of Can (band)|Can 's "Mushroom".Robertson, p.77 "Happy When It Rains" was the second pre-album single, strongly influenced by Smokey Robinson 's "My Girl", but it failed to match the success of "April Skies", only reaching number twenty-five.Robertson, p.80-81 The band set out on another UK tour, this time with sets stretching to 45 minutes, although to a mixed reaction from the music press.Robertson, p.82-83 They toured without a drummer, instead using a drum machine.
The band's second album, Darklands (album)|Darklands , was released during the tour, in September 1987, described by writer Steve Taylor as "the definitive blend of light and shade". Featuring a more melodic sound, the album was recorded almost entirely by the Reids themselves, replacing live drums with a drum machine, and received overwhelmingly positive reviews by the British music press.citation needed|date=February 2009 The album's title track was released as a single in October, and the band were thrown off the ITV music show The Roxy when they failed to mime well enough to it.
The band's dangerous reputation culminated at a gig at the RPM club in Toronto in November 1987, when after being heckled throughout the gig by a group in the audience, Jim Reid thrust his microphone stand towards them, hitting one on the head and slashing another on the arm.Robertson, p.89 Jim was arrested and spent a night in jail, before being bailed to return the following February. He was subsequently given an absolute discharge after agreeing to give around £500 to a Salvation Army charity and apologise to the complainants.
With the court case hanging over the band, they compiled a collection of B-sides and rarities for release in April 1988 as Barbed Wire Kisses . They also selected live tracks from a Detroit concert the previous November for release while they planned further studio work. Dave Evans, former Mary Chain soundman and bass player with Biff Bang Pow! (which also featured Alan McGee and Dick Green of Creation Records) and Richard Thomas, were recruited in early 1988 to replace Moore, who formed John Moore and the Expressway, and Pinker.Strong, p.384 Their next release was the new recording "Sidewalking", released in March 1988, and backed by some the live tracks, followed a month later by Barbed Wire Kisses .
The band's third studio album Automatic (The Jesus and Mary Chain album)|Automatic was released in October 1989, by which time Evans had been replaced by Ben Lurie . Boasting heavy use of synthesized bass and Keyboard instrument|keyboards , the album was not received quite as well as its predecessors. It contained the singles " Head On (song)|Head On " and "Blues From A Gun". By this time, the violence that was originally associated with the band was practically non-existent and the Reid brothers were less antagonistic and aggressive in general. The Rollercoaster Extended play|EP (August 1990) would be their last release for over a year, the band undertaking a tour with My Bloody Valentine (band)|My Bloody Valentine and Blur (band)|Blur .
The 1990s
Douglas Hart had moonlighted with the Acid Angels in 1988, and left the band in 1991, to have a successful career in film making, before picking up his bass again in 2006, playing with the Sian Alice Group , Le Volume Courbe and Cristine.Citation needed|date=December 2008 Thomas also quit the band to join Renegade Soundwave . The fluid nature of the Mary Chain's line up continued throughout their entire career, with a revolving door of drummers, bassists and guitarists being recruited for TV appearances and gigs whenever they were required, the only constants being the Reid brothers. The Reid brothers recruited former The Starlings|Starlings rhythm section Matthew Parkin and Barry Blacker to replace Hart and Thomas.
The brothers bought their own recording studio in 1991 in Elephant & Castle in South London , which they dubbed The Drugstore ,Sladeckova, Olga. " http://www.pennyblackmusic.co.uk/MagSitePages/Article.aspx? id=2940 Jesus and Mary Chain : Interview with Jim Reid Part 2". Penny Black Music. 26 September 2002. Retrieved on 20 September 2009. and they returned in February 1992 with the first fruits of the new studio, their next single, "Reverence", which gave them their biggest hit single in almost five years, reaching #10 in the UK. Spitting feedback and punk rock bile in every direction, the track was banned from being played on BBC Radio 1 and from Top of the Pops , due to its potentially offensive lyrics ('I wanna die just like John F. Kennedy|JFK , I wanna die in the USA'...'I wanna die just like Jesus|Jesus Christ , I wanna die on a bed of spikes'). The single was followed by the release of the album '' Honey's Dead '' (1992), which received mixed reviews. Following the Rollercoaster tour to support the album, the band concentrated on cracking the United States, with an appearance on David Letterman 's show, and a tour as part of the Lollapalooza line-up, which William later described as "the worst experience of our lives," followed by their own headlining tour. In December 1992, the Reids again lost their rhythm section, with Ben Lurie returning and Steve Monti joining on drums. Another compilation was released in 1993, The Sound of Speed , before they returned to the studio to record their fifth album proper, Stoned & Dethroned which would see release in 1994, and featured guest appearances from Shane MacGowan and William's then-girlfriend Hope Sandoval . The album was originally planned as an acoustic album, but this idea was abandoned because, in Jim's words, "We couldn't do enough interesting things with acoustic guitars to make an album".
Following the release of the 1995 compilation '' Hate Rock 'N' Roll '', the Mary Chain parted ways with Blanco y Negro, their record label of over a decade, and re-signed to their original label Creation Records , and Sub Pop in America. The band now included former Lush (band)|Lush bassist Phil King (musician)|Phil King . They then recorded 1998's Munki album, which would turn out to be their last before splitting the following year. Munki was commercially the least successful album the band released, peaking at number forty-seven in the UK Album Chart . The album featured the Reid's sister Linda, who sang on the track "Mo Tucker" as well as vocals from Hope Sandoval on "Perfume".
Though it was not until October 1999 that the split was made official, on 12 September 1998, William had a falling out in the tour bus with guitarist Ben Lurie before they were to play a sold out performance at the famous Los Angeles House of Blues . Jim appeared onstage apparently drunk and barely able to stand or sing.Citation needed|date=February 2009 William walked offstage about 15 minutes into their set, and the show ended. The audience was later refunded the price of their tickets. The band finished up their U.S. and Japanese dates without William, but from that point, it was clear that the band was at its end. Jim Reid said in 2006 of the tension between himself and William: "After each tour we wanted to kill each other, and after the final tour we tried".McNair, James. " http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/reviews/the-jesus-and-mary-chain-royal-festival-hall-london--none-onestar-twostar-threestar-fourstar-fivestar-455040.html The Jesus And Mary Chain, Royal Festival Hall, London". The Independent . 28 June 2007. Retrieved on 20 September 2009.
Post-split
Immediately after the split, William Reid went solo as Lazycame —having already released a solo EP in April 1998—and Jim Reid founded Freeheat along with Lurie and ex- The Gun Club|Gun Club bassist Romi Mori and Earl Brutus drummer Nick Sanderson (musician)|Nick Sanderson , although neither act received much attention or found any success. In October 2005, it was announced that the Reids were reunited; Jim Reid's track "Song For A Secret" a duet with his wife Julie Barber, was released as a single, paired up with Sister Vanilla's "Can't Stop The Rock", which was written and produced by William Reid and the brothers' younger sibling, Linda. The single was released by Transistor Records on 17 October. Jim Reid promoted his side of the single with a very rare solo gig at London's Sonic Cathedral club on John Peel Day, Thursday 13 October 2005. He finished this rare live appearance with a performance of the early Mary Chain classic "Never Understand". Jim Reid also performed new material at low-key gigs with a new band comprising Phil King on guitar, Loz Colbert ( Ride (band)|Ride ) on drums and bassist Mark Crozer (International Jetsetters).
In 2006 five albums were reissued through Rhino Records : Psychocandy , Darklands , Automatic , ''Honey's Dead and Stoned & Dethroned on 11 July 2006. Each album was released with a DVD containing three promo videos from that particular album. http://www.nme.com/news/jesus-and-mary-chain/23031 NME - Jesus and Mary Chain
Reunion
On 22 January 2007, the band was confirmed as one of the acts for Coachella Festival|Coachella 2007 . http://www.pitchforkmedia.com/page/news/Jesus_and_Mary_Chain_to_Play_Coachella#40644 Pitchfork Media: JAMC to play Coachella They were joined on stage by actress Scarlett Johansson (the actress in Lost in Translation (film)|Lost in Translation which featured the song) for "Just Like Honey" as part of their 27 April 2007 main-stage performance. At the warm up gig on 26 April 2007, in Pomona, California , they were instead joined by Annie Hardy of Giant Drag. http://music.yahoo.com/read/news/42857806 The Jesus & Mary Chain News on Yahoo& #33; Music The band's first UK performance since reforming was at the Meltdown (festival)|Meltdown festival in June 2007.
In an interview to Uncut Magazine|Uncut magazine, Jim Reid announced that a new album by the band is in the works. http://www.nme.com/news/the-jesus-and-mary-chain/28699 The Jesus And Mary Chain plan new album | News | NME.COM In March 2008, the band released a studio recording of "All Things Must Pass" on the soundtrack album to the NBC television drama Heroes (TV series)|Heroes . It is the first new song to be released by the Jesus and Mary Chain since 1998." http://www.nme.com/news/the-jesus-and-mary-chain/36194 Listen to new The Jesus And Mary Chain song now", NME , 24 April 2008
In September 2008, Rhino Records released a 4 CD box set entitled The Power of Negative Thinking: B-Sides & Rarities . The box set consists of material from the Barbed Wire Kisses , The Sound of Speed and '' Hate Rock 'N' Roll|The Jesus And Mary Chain Hate Rock 'n' Roll compilations, alongside unreleased tracks and rarities from throughout their career; including early performances, unheard demos, re-mixes, alternate versions of some songs and bootleg recordings.
Automatic (The Jesus and Mary Chain album)|Automatic (1989)
'' Honey's Dead (1992)
Stoned & Dethroned (1994)
Munki (1998)
Band members
;Current
Jim Reid - vocals, guitar (1984–present)
William Reid - guitar, vocals (1984–present)
Phil King - bass guitar (1998, 2007–present)
Loz Colbert - drums (2007–present)
Mark Crozer - guitar (2007–present)
;Former
Douglas Hart - bass guitar (1984–1991)
Murray Dalglish - drums (1984)
Bobby Gillespie - drums (1984–1985)
John Moore - drums, guitar (1985–1987)
Martin Hewes - bass guitar (1986)
James Pinker - drums (1986–1987)
Dave Evans - rhythm guitar (1987–1989)
Richard Thomas - drums (1988–1991)
Ben Lurie - rhythm guitar (1989–1998)
Matthew Parkin - bass guitar (1991–1992)
Barry Blacker - drums (1991–1992)
Steve Monti - drums (1992–1998)
Nick Sanderson - drums (1993, 1998)
Lincoln Fong - bass (1994–1998)
Notes
reflist|colwidth=30em
References
Larkin, Colin (1992) ''The Guinness Who's Who of Indie and New Wave Music , Guinness Publishing, ISBN 0-85112-579-4
Lazell, Barry (1997) Indie Hits 1980-1989 , Cherry Red Books, ISBN 0-9517206-9-4
Robertson, John (1988) The Jesus and Mary Chain – a Musical Biography , Omnibus Press, ISBN 0-7119-1470-2
Strong, Martin C. (2003) The Great Indie Discography , Canongate, ISBN 1-84195-225-0Please check ISBN|reason=Check digit (0) does not correspond to calculated figure.
Taylor, Steve (2004) The A to X of Alternative Music , Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd., ISBN 978-0-8264-7396-7
Thompson, Dave (2000) Alternative Rock , Miller Freeman Books, ISBN 0-87930-607-6
Wilson, Dave (2004) Rock Formations: Categorical Answers to How Band Names Were Formed , Cidermill Books, ISBN 0-9748483-5-2
External links
commons category|The Jesus and Mary Chain
Official website| http://thejesusandmarychain.co.uk/
Allmusic|class=artist|id=p4609|label=The Jesus and Mary Chain
http://www.theartsdesk.com/index.php? option=com_k2& view=item& id=2614:jim-reid-of-the-jesus-and-mary-chain& Itemid=80/ theartsdesk Q& A: Jim Reid of The Jesus and Mary Chain (20 November 2010)
http://www.blurb.com/books/2989296
The Jesus and Mary Chain DEFAULTSORT:Jesus And Mary Chain, The Category:The Jesus and Mary Chain|The Jesus and Mary Chain Category:Scottish alternative rock groups Category:Creation Records artists Category:Musical groups established in 1983 Category:Scottish rock music groups Category:British post-punk music groups Category:South Lanarkshire Category:Sub Pop artists Category:Musical groups reestablished in 2007 Category:Musical groups from Glasgow
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