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Biography
good articleUse mdy dates|date=January 2012Infobox musical artist| name = The Shirelles| image = The-shirelles.jpg?| caption = The Shirelles in 1961. Clockwise from the top right: Shirley Owens , Addie 'Micki' Harris McPherson , Beverly Lee , and Doris Jackson | image_size =| background = group_or_band| alias = The Poquellos, Shirley & the Shirelles| origin = Passaic, New Jersey|Passaic , New Jersey , United States|USA | genre = Rhythm and blues|R& B , Rock and roll|rock , doo-wop , Pop music|pop , Soul music|soul | years_active = 1957–82| label = Tiara Records , Decca Records|Decca , Scepter Records , Bell Records , RCA Records|RCA | associated_acts =| website =| current_members =| past_members = Shirley Owens Doris Jackson Beverly Lee Addie Harris McPherson| notable_instruments = The Shirelles were an African-American girl group that achieved popularity in the early 1960s. They consisted of schoolmates Shirley Owens (later Shirley Alston-Reeves), Doris Coley (later Doris Kenner-Jackson), Addie "Micki" Harris (later Addie Harris McPherson), and Beverly Lee . They have been described as either the first African-American girl group to top the Billboard Hot 100 , or the first girl group overall, with the song " Will You Love Me Tomorrow ".
Founded in 1957 for a talent show at their high school, they were signed by Florence Greenberg of Tiara Records . Their first single, "I Met Him on a Sunday", was released by Tiara and licensed by Decca Records in 1958. After a brief and unsuccessful period with Decca, they went with Greenberg to her newly formed company, Scepter Records . Working with Luther Dixon , the group rose to fame with " Tonight's the Night (song)|Tonight's the Night ". After a successful period of collaboration with Dixon and promotion by Scepter, with seven Hot 20 hits, The Shirelles left Scepter in 1966. Afterwards, they were unable to maintain their previous popularity.
The Shirelles have been described as having a "naive schoolgirl sound" that contrasted with the sexual themes of many of their songs. Several of their hits used strings and baião music|baião -style music. They have been credited with launching the girl group genre, with much of their music reflecting the genre's essence. Their acceptance by both white and black audiences, predating that of the Motown acts, has been noted as reflecting the early success of the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)|African-American Civil Rights Movement . They have received numerous honors, including the Pioneer Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation , as well as being accepted in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996, and named one of the 100 best acts of all time by Rolling Stone in 2004. Two of their songs, "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" and "Tonight's the Night", were selected by Rolling Stone on The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time|its list of the greatest songs of all time .
History
Initial career and success
The group that later became The Shirelles was formed in 1957 by four teenage friends from Passaic, New Jersey|Passaic , New Jersey ,sfn|Marcus 1994 - 1995, Legends: The Shirelles under the name The Poquellossfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=59 (or The Pequellossfn|Hall of Fame, The Shirelles). The founding members, Shirley Owens, Doris Coley, Addie "Micki" Harris, and Beverly Lee, entered a talent show at Passaic High School at the suggestion of a teacher. After hearing them sing "I Met Him on a Sunday", a song they had written for the show, their classmate Mary Jane Greenberg convinced the reluctant Poquellos to meet with her mother, Florence Greenberg|Florence , the owner of Tiara Records ;sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=59sfn|Campbell|2005|p=179 After several months of avoiding Greenberg and telling her that they were not interested in singing professionally, they were booked to Tiara. By the end of the year they had changed their name to The Shirelles,sfn|Marcus 1994 - 1995, Legends: The Shirelles a combination of the first syllable of Owens' given name and -el, reminiscent of then-popular group The Chantels ,sfn|Huey, The Shirelles after briefly using the name The Honeytunes. That year, they released their first song, "I Met Him on a Sunday"; after local success, it was licensed to Decca Records for national broadcast and charted at #50. The song was influenced by doo-wop , but infused with pop music|pop melodies.sfn|Shaffer 2005, The Shirelles Tiara Records, along with The Shirelles' contract, was sold to Decca Records in 1959 for $4000; Greenberg stayed as the manager, securing performances for the group, including one at the Howard Theatre in Washington D.C. sfn|Callahan, Edwards, 2009: The Scepter/Wand Story After two singles did poorly, including their first release& nbsp;— with Coley as lead vocalist& nbsp;— of " Dedicated to the One I Love ", a cover of The "5" Royales song of the same name,sfn|Talevski|2006|pp=334-335 Decca returned them to Greenberg and gave up on them, considering them a one-hit act;sfn|Callahan, Edwards, 2009: The Scepter/Wand Story On Greenberg's new label, Scepter Records ,sfn|Marcus 1994 - 1995, Legends: The Shirelles they re-released "Dedicated to the One I Love" as a single, which peaked at #89; Wayne Wadhams, David Nathan, and Susan Lindsay in Inside the Hits attribute the low rating to poor distribution.sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=60 In order to better promote the group, Greenberg asked songwriter Luther Dixon , who had previously worked with Perry Como , Nat King Cole , and Pat Boone and co-written the 1959 hit " 16 Candles (song)|16 Candles ", to write for and produce songs for them. Dixon accepted.sfn|Zak|2010|p=224 Their first single produced with Dixon, " Tonight's the Night (song)|Tonight's the Night ", was released in 1960 and peaked at #39. The success of "Tonight's the Night" led to the girls being booked to perform with several major artists,sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=60 such as Etta James and Little Richard ,sfn|James|Ritz|1995|p=76 and facilitated Scepter's move to a larger office. It was followed by " Will You Love Me Tomorrow ", written by husband-wife songwriting team Gerry Goffin and Carole King ;sfn|Zak|2010|p=224 the song went on to become either the first Billboard charts|Billboard Number One Hit by an African-American girl groupsfn|Jet 2000, Dorris Kenner-Jackson or the first Number One Hit by any girl group.sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=59 "Tonight's the Night" was later used as the title song for the 1961 album '' Tonight's the Night (The Shirelles album)|Tonight's the Night '', which also included "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" and "Dedicated to the One I Love".sfn|Unterberger, Tonight's the Night After the success of their singles, The Shirelles became frequent guests of Murray the K , who hosted them on his "All Star Rock Shows" on the New York radio station WINS (AM)|WINS .sfn|Hall of Fame, The Shirelles During this same period they reissued "Dedicated to the One I Love", which peaked at #3. This was followed by " Mama Said (The Shirelles song)|Mama Said ", written by Burt Bacharach and Hal David , followed by "Baby It's You", " Soldier Boy (song)|Soldier Boy "sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=62 and " Boys (The Shirelles song)|Boys ", with saxophonist King Curtis .sfn|Hall of Fame, The Shirelles In 1963 Dixon left Scepter, which preceded a large decrease in the number of The Shirelles' songs to chart. However, they carried on performing and recording. Dionne Warwick replaced Owens and Coley, who took leave to marry their fiancés, in concerts and the group continued to record material. That year, they had a cameo in the film '' It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World and their song "Foolish Little Girl" reached the pop/R& B Top 10.sfn|Huey, The Shirelles However, later in 1963 they learned that the Income trust|trust & nbsp;— holding their royalties & nbsp;— that they were supposed to receive from Scepter on their 21st birthday did not exist.sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=62 In response, they left the label,sfn|Talevski|2006|pp=334-335 and later filed a breach of contract suit against the company. Scepter met this with a countersuit for quiting; both suits were withdrawn in 1965, after an agreement was reached.sfn|Billboard 1965, Shirelles Drop Knowing that Scepter had lied about the trust disappointed The Shirelles, who felt deceived. In a 1981 interview with Bruce Pollock, Owens said that Greenberg has put on a "mother routine", which the girls had "fallen for ... completely".sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=63
Later career
In later years, The Shirelles declined in popularity due to pressure from the British Invasion sfn|Huey, The Shirelles and the heavy competition from other girl groups, including The Chiffons , The Dixie Cups , The Ronettes , The Supremes , and The Crystals .sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=62 During this period, Warwick often replaced Coley due to the latter's family commitments. The Shirelles were still bound to Scepter and thus unable to record for another company until the end of their contractsfn|Talevski|2006|pp=334-335 in 1966.sfn|Billboard 1965, Shirelles Drop Their last single to chart was 1967's "Last Minute Miracle",sfn|Huey, The Shirelles which peaked at #99.sfn|Billboard.com, The Shirelles Chart After the commercial failure of their most recent releases, in 1968 Coley left the group to attend to her family. The remaining three Shirelles recorded songs for several labels, including Bell Records , RCA , and United Artists until 1971. Afterwards, they toured singing their older songs, and participated in the filming of the 1973 documentary Let the Good Times Roll (film)|Let the Good Times Roll ,sfn|Huey, The Shirelles recording two songs for it.sfn|Hall of Fame, The Shirelles Coley returned as lead singer in 1975,sfn|Talevski|2006|pp=334-335 replacing Owens, who left that year to pursue a solo career.sfn|Tobler|1991|p=2001 In 1982 Harris died of a heart attack in the Hyatt Regency Atlanta|Hyatt Regency after two performances in Atlanta , State of Georgia|Georgia with the group.sfn|Huey, The Shirellessfn|Shaffer 2005, The Shirellessfn|Talevski|2006|p=410 The following year, the remaining three original members performed "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" with Warwick on her album How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye .sfn|Huey, The Shirelles Afterwards, the original members toured in different, separate, groups,sfn|Huey, The Shirelles although the trademark to The Shirelles name was eventually acquired by Lee.sfn|Perpetua 2011, Dionne Warwick Coley died in Sacramento, California|Sacramento , California on February 4, 2000, of breast cancer.sfn|Talevski|2006|pp=334-335sfn|Jet 2000, Dorris Kenner-Jackson
Style
Wadhams, Nathan, and Lindsay describe the style of The Shirelles early work as "tight, almost doo-wop harmony".sfn|Wadhams|Nathan|Lindsay|2001|p=61 Owens' vocals, described by rock n' roll writer Alwyn W. Turner as being "wonderfully expressive", were capable of sounding "almost, but not quite" out of tune, which in his opinion led to Owens' sounding innocent in her songs;sfn|Turner|2010|p=426 music critic Albin Zak describes her vocals as being able to intone desire and vulnerability.sfn|Zak|2010|p=224 The other members, singing backup, also convey what Michael Campbell, a professor of music at Western Illinois University , calls a "naive schoolgirl sound".sfn|Campbell|2005|p=179 The lyrics sung by The Shirelles tended to be fairly simple and "barely" concealed the subtexts of the songs. The songs were implicitly directed at female listeners, with the male subjects of songs being referred to as "he" instead of "you";sfn|Turner|2010|p=426 this was a change from previous female-written songs, which tended to be more gender neutral, and helped pave the way for the "confessional" songs of 70s singers like Joni Mitchell and Carole King .sfn|Campbell|2005|p=179sfn|Elias, How Many Times Musically, their works with Dixon were influenced by Brazilian baião music|baião and featured numerous instances of syncopation .sfn|Zak|2010|p=224
Influences
Steve Huey of Allmusic notes that The Shirelles defined "the so-called girl group sound with their soft, sweet harmonies and yearning innocence", with their songs predating Motown in their widespread crossing of racial demographics, both in the US and in Britain. He also notes that they spawned "legions of imitators", and laid a blueprint for future female pop stars to follow.sfn|Huey, The Shirelles Alwyn Turner writes that The Shirelles "launched the girl group genre", noting that their early work already included "the essence" of the genre;sfn|Turner|2010|p=426 Alwyn Zak expands on the statement, noting that the influx of female groups started after the success of "Will You Love Me Tomorrow".sfn|Zak|2010|p=225 Michael Campbell notes that The Shirelles' success reflected the African-American Civil Rights Movement (1955–1968)|African-American Civil Rights Movement . He indicates that works such as "Will You Love Me Tomorrow", written by a white couple, produced by an African-American man, with vocals by young African-American women and strings sounding like they were targeted at a white audience, conveyed a "color-blind" message on top of its more obvious sexual one.sfn|Campbell|2005|p=179
Accolades
In 1994, The Shirelles were honored by the Rhythm and Blues Foundation with the Pioneer Award for their contributions to music.sfn|Rhythm and Blues Foundation, Pioneer Awards The award was accepted by Owens, Lee, and Kenner. As Coley was accepting her award, she said "This is dedicated to the one I love", and sang an impromptu rendition of "Soldier Boy" together with Owens and Lee.sfn|Shaffer 2005, The Shirelles Two years later they were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame , together with Gladys Knight and The Pips . At the ceremony in the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York, the three surviving members sang a medley of songs after being presented the awards by Merry Clayton , Marianne Faithfull , and Darlene Love .sfn|Jet 1996, Gladys Knight In 2002, they were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame . Lee and Owens accepted the award.sfn|Unterberger, The Shirelles In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked them #76 on their list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. Paul Shaffer , who did the write-up, wrote that the girl-group sound, originated by them, was "everything to him"; he also described their impromptu performance of "Soldier Boy" as inspiring.sfn|Shaffer 2005, The Shirelles They also included two of The Shirelles' songs, " Will You Love Me Tomorrow " and " Tonight's the Night (song)|Tonight's the Night ", on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time . In the 2010 edition, "Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow" was ranked 126th, while "Tonight's the Night" was ranked 409th.sfn|Rolling Stone 2010, 500 Songs, p. 121 In September 2008, the Shirelles' hometown of Passaic honored the group by renaming a section of Paulison Avenue between Passaic and Pennington Avenues (the section where Passaic High School is located) "Shirelles Boulevard". The dedication ceremony was attended by both surviving Shirelles. Owens said that it was different than when they were inducted into the Hall of Fame, as it was their home town. She noted that "the people who loves sic us and we loved are right here."sfn|Nutt 2008, Passaic dedicates
Stage musical
Main|Baby It's You!The Shirelles' story was shown in ''Baby It's You! , a musical revue written by Floyd Mutrux and Colin Escott, which follows the story of Greenberg and Scepter Records.sfn|Jones 2010, Shirelles Musical The show opened on Broadway theatre|Broadway at the Broadhurst Theatre and was directed by Sheldon Epps and starring Beth Leavel as Florence.sfn|Jones 2011, Producers of Baby'' Christina Sajous played Owens, Erica Ash played Harris, Kyra DaCosta played Lee, and Crystal Starr Knighton played Coley.sfn|IBDB, Baby It's You! The use of their likenesses without permission led to Lee, as well as the estates of Coley and Harris, to sue Warner Bros. sfn|Perpetua 2011, Dionne Warwick The revue had a run of 148 performances, opening at the Broadhurst Theatre on April 27, 2011 and closing on September 4 of the same year.sfn|IBDB, Baby It's You! The show received mixed to negative reviews. Entertainment Weekly 's Clark Collis gave the musical a "B-" rating.sfn|Collins 2011, Baby It's You Charles Isherwood of The New York Times called it "dismal"sfn|Isherwood 2011, Girl Group Tale and Steven Suskin of Variety (magazine)|Variety wrote that it had "a tunestack only one quarter as imperishable" as Jersey Boys .sfn|Suskin 2011, Baby It's You! The musical received some positive recognition; Leavel was nominated for a both a Tony Award|Tony sfn|Kenneth and Gans 2011, Tony Nominations Announced and Drama Desk Awards|Drama Desk Award for best leading actress.sfn|Gans 2011, 56th Annual Drama
Discography
Studio albums
(Based on Billboard informationsfn|Billboard.com, The Shirelles Albums)
1961: '' Tonight's the Night (The Shirelles album)|Tonight's the Night
1961: The Shirelles Sing to Trumpets and Strings
1962: '' Baby It's You (album)|Baby It's You (US #59)
1962: The Shirelles and King Curtis Give a Twist Party (duets album with King Curtis )
1963: Foolish Little Girl (US #68)
1963: ''It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World
1965: The Shirelles Swing the Most
1965: Hear and Now
1967: Spontaneous Combustion (Live album)
1968: Eternally, Soul (duets album with King Curtis)
1972: Happy and in Love (RCA)
1973: The Shirelles (RCA)
1975: Shirley Alston: With a Little Help From My Friends (Prodigal)
1976: ''The Shirelles: Let's Give Each Other Love (RCA)
cite journal |year=2010 |title=500 Greatest Songs of All Time |journal=Rolling Stone |ref=harvid|Rolling Stone 2010, 500 Songs, p. 121 |publisher=Rolling Stone
cite web |url= http://www.bsnpubs.com/scepter/scepterstory.html |title=The Scepter / Wand Story |last1=Callahan |first1=Mike |last2=Edwards |first2=David |accessdate=September 17, 2011 |date=April 8, 2009 |work= |publisher=Both Sides Now Publications|ref=harvid|Callahan, Edwards, 2009: The Scepter/Wand Story
cite book
| last = Campbell | first = Michael | year = 2005 | title = Popular Music in America : The Beat Goes On | location = Belmont | publisher = Wadsworth/Thomson Learning | isbn = 978-0-534-55534-4 | url = http://books.google.ca/books? id=nIZSM3zxNUEC | accessdate = | ref = harv
cite journal |date=February 28, 2000 |url= http://books.google.ca/books? id=Kj0DAAAAMBAJ |title=Dorris Kenner-Jackson, 58, Member of The Shirelles |journal=Jet |ref=harvid|Jet 2000, Dorris Kenner-Jackson |pages=16
cite web|last=Elias |first=Jason |url= http://www.allmusic.com/album/how-many-times-can-we-say-goodbye-r68291/review |title=How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye |work=AllMusic.com |accessdate=September 18, 2011 |ref=harvid|Elias, How Many Times
cite web |url= http://www.playbill.com/news/article/150328-56th-Annual-Drama-Desk-Nominations-Announced-Book-of-Mormon-Scores-12-Nominations |title=56th Annual Drama Desk Nominations Announced; Book of Mormon Scores 12 Nominations |last=Gans | first=Andrew |date=April 29, 2011 | work=playbill.com |accessdate=September 26, 2011 |ref=harvid|Gans 2011, 56th Annual Drama
cite journal |date=February 5, 1996 |url= http://books.google.ca/books? id=MzsDAAAAMBAJ |title=Gladys Knight & The Pips, The Shirelles Inducted into Rock and Roll Hall of Fame |journal=Jet |ref=harvid|Jet 1996, Gladys Knight |pages=59–60
cite web|last=Hetrick |first=Adam |url= http://www.playbill.com/news/article/146948-Shirelles-Musical-Baby-Its-You-With-Beth-Leavel-Will-Play-the-Broadhurst-Complete-Cast-Announced |title=Shirelles Musical ''Baby It's You! , With Beth Leavel, Will Play the Broadhurst; Complete Cast Announced |work=Playbill.com |date=January 24, 2011 |accessdate=September 18, 2011 |ref=harvid|Hetrick 2011, Shirelles Musical
cite news|last=Isherwood, Charles|title=Girl Group Tale Is Reharmonized|url= http://theater.nytimes.com/2011/04/28/theater/reviews/baby-its-you-story-of-the-shirelles-review.html? adxnnl=1& adxnnlx=1303956639-xYht5Zle67syffPxnjRuVw |work=New York Times |accessdate=September 26, 2011|date=April 27, 2011 |ref=harvid|Isherwood 2011, Girl Group Tale
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| last1 = James | first1 = Etta | last2 = Ritz | first2 = David | year = 1995 | title = Rage to Survive : The Etta James Story | location = New York | publisher = Villard Books | isbn = 978-0-679-42328-7 | url = http://books.google.ca/books? id=4-5UFUZgAIQC | accessdate = | ref = harv
cite web| last=Nutt |first=Amy Ellis |url= http://www.nj.com/news/ledger/jersey/index.ssf? /base/news-11/122205932519800.xml& coll=1| work=The Star-Ledger |publisher=NJ.com |date=September 22, 2008 |accessdate=September 18, 2011 |ref=harvid|Nutt 2008, Passaic dedicates| title=Passaic dedicates street to the ones it loves: the Shirelles
cite web| last=Perpetua |first=Matthew |url= http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/dionne-warwick-and-the-shirelles-sue-baby-its-you-producers-20110428 | work=Rollingstone.com |publisher=Rolling Stone |date=April 28, 2011 |accessdate=September 18, 2011 |ref=harvid|Perpetua 2011, Dionne Warwick | title=Dionne Warwick and the Shirelles Sue 'Baby It's You' Producers
cite web |url= http://www.rhythm-n-blues.org/awards.php? year=1994 |title=Pioneer Awards: 1994 |accessdate=September 17, 2011 |date= |work= |publisher=Rhythm and Blues Foundation |ref=harvid|Rhythm and Blues Foundation, Pioneer Awards
cite web|last=Shaffer |first=Paul |ref=harvid|Shaffer 2005, The Shirelles|date=April 21, 2005 |title = The Immortals: The First Fifty| work = Rolling Stone Issue 946| publisher = Rolling Stone |archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20070206065556/ http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248611/76_the_shirelles |archivedate=February 6, 2007 |url = http://www.rollingstone.com/news/story/7248611/76_the_shirelles
cite journal |date=June 12, 1965 |url= http://books.google.ca/books? id=qCgEAAAAMBAJ |title=Shirelles Drop Suit Against Scepter-Wand |journal=Billboard |ref=harvid|Billboard 1965, Shirelles Drop |page=4
| last = Talevski | first = Nick | year = 2006 | title = Knocking on Heaven's Door : Rock Obituaries | location = London | publisher = Omnibus | isbn = 978-1-84609-091-2 | url = http://books.google.ca/books? id=DykffzkFALoC | accessdate = | ref = harv
cite web |url= http://rockhall.com/inductees/the-shirelles/bio/ |title=The Shirelles |accessdate=September 18, 2011 |date= |work= |publisher=Rock and Roll Hall of Fame |ref=harvid|Hall of Fame, The Shirelles
cite web |url= http://www.billboard.com/artist/the-shirelles/discography/albums/5658 |title=The Shirelles: Albums |accessdate=September 17, 2011 |date= |work=Billboard.com |publisher=Billboard |ref=harvid|Billboard.com, The Shirelles Albums
cite web |url= http://www.billboard.com/artist/the-shirelles/chart-history/5658 |title=The Shirelles: Chart History |accessdate=September 17, 2011 |date= |work=Billboard.com |publisher=Billboard |ref=harvid|Billboard.com, The Shirelles Chart
cite book
| last = Tobler | first = John | title = Who's Who in Rock & Roll | url = http://books.google.ca/books? id=7ctjc6UWCm4C | year = 1991 | publisher = Crescent Books | volume = | location = London | isbn = 978-0-5170-5687-5 | quote = | ref = harv
cite encyclopedia
| last = Turner | first = Alwyn W. | editor = Peter Buckley | encyclopedia = The Rough Guide to Rock | title = Classic Girl Groups | url = http://books.google.ca/books? id=7ctjc6UWCm4C | edition = 3rd | year = 2003 | publisher = Rough Guides | volume = | location = London | isbn = 978-1-84353-105-0 | pages = 426–428 | quote = | ref = harv
cite web |url= http://www.vocalgroup.org/inductees/the_shirelles.html |title=The Shirelles |last1=Unterberger |first1=Richie |accessdate=September 17, 2011 |date= |work= |publisher=Vocal Group Hall of Fame |ref=harvid|Unterberger, The Shirelles
cite web|last=Unterberger |first=Richie |url= http://www.allmusic.com/album/tonights-the-night-r49229 |title=Tonight's the Night |work=AllMusic.com |accessdate=September 18, 2011 |ref=harvid|Unterberger, Tonight's the Night
cite book
| last1 = Wadhams | first1 = Wayne | last2 = Nathan | first2 = David | last3 = Lindsay | first3 = Susan Gedutis | year = 2001 | title = Inside the Hits | location = Boston | publisher = Berklee | isbn = 978-0-634-01430-7 | url = http://books.google.ca/books? id=UVJDvitqIvIC | accessdate = | ref = harv
cite book
| last = Zak | first = Albin | year = 2010 | title = I Don't Sound Like Nobody: Remaking Music in 1950s America | location = Ann Arbor | series=Tracking Pop | publisher = University of Michigan Press | isbn = 978-0-472-11637-9 | url = http://books.google.ca/books? id=s6NFpyhR4CwC | accessdate = | ref = harv refend
External links
Wikipedia-Books|The Shirelles
http://www.theshirelles.com Official web site of Beverly Lee's The Shirelles
The Shirelles DEFAULTSORT:Shirelles, The Category:African American musical groups Category:American female singers Category:Doo-wop groups Category:American rhythm and blues musical groups Category:American girl groups Category:Musical groups established in 1958 Category:Musical groups disestablished in 1982 Category:Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
