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about||the Italian saint|Veronica Giuliani|the Billy Talent song|Saint VeronikaInfobox saint|name=Saint Veronica|birth_date=1st century AD |death_date=1st century AD |feast_day= July 12 http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php? saint_id=1953 Catholic Online|venerated_in= Roman Catholic Church , Eastern Orthodox Church |image=Hans Memling 026.jpg|imagesize=250px|caption= Saint Veronica , by Hans Memling .|birth_place= Caesarea Philippi or Jerusalem , Palaestina |death_place=|titles=|canonized_date=|canonized_place=|canonized_by=|attributes=woman holding a cloth that bears the image of Christ's face|patronage=laundry workers; photographers, http://saints.sqpn.com/saintv02.htm Patron Saints Index: Saint Veronica Santa Veronica, San Pablo City|Brgy. Sta. Veronica, San Pablo City |major_shrine=|suppressed_date=|issues= Saint Veronica or Berenice , according to the " Acta Sanctorum " published by the Bollandist s (under February 4),cite web|last=Harper|first=Douglas|url= http://www.etymonline.com/index.php? term=Veronica|title=Veronica|work=Online Etymology Dictionary|month=November|year=2001|accessdate=2007-08-24 was a pious woman of Jerusalem who, moved with pity as Jesus carried his cross to Golgotha, gave him her veil that he might wipe his forehead. Jesus accepted the offering and after using it handed it back to her, the image of his face miraculously impressed upon it. Notes and Queries , Volume 6 July–December 1852, London, page 252The Archaeological journal (UK), Volume 7, 1850 page 413Alban Butler, 2000 Lives of the Saints ISBN 0-86012-256-5 page 84
The name "Veronica" itself is a Latinisation of Berenice (lang-el|?e?e????), a Ancient Macedonian language|Macedonian name, meaning "bearer of victory" . Folk etymology has attributed its origin to the words for true (lang-la|vera) and image (lang-el|e????a). The Encyclopædia Britannica says this about the legend:
Eusebius in his Church History (Eusebius)|Historia Ecclesiastica (vii 18) tells how at Caesarea Philippi lived the woman whom Christ healed of an issue of blood (Matt ix 20). Legend was not long in providing the woman of the Gospel with a name. In the West she was identified with Martha|Martha of Bethany ; in the East she was called Berenike, or Beronike, the name appearing in as early a work as the " Acta Pilati ", the most ancient form of which goes back to the fourth century. It is interesting to note that the fanciful derivation of the name Veronica from the words Vera Icon (eikon) "true image" dates back to the "Otia Imperialia" (iii 25) of Gervase of Tilbury ( floruit|fl. 1211), who says: "Est ergo Veronica pictura Domini vera."
The Catholic Encyclopaedia of 1913 had this to say about the growth of the legend ( translations in italics added ):
The belief in the existence of authentic images of Christ is connected with the old legend of King Abgar of Edessa and the apocryphal writing known as the " Mors Pilati " ( "the Death of Pontius Pilate|Pilate " ). To distinguish at Rome the oldest and best known of these images it was called the vera icon (true image), which in the common tongue soon became "Veronica." It is thus designated in several medieval texts mentioned by the Bollandist s (e.g. an old Missal of Augsburg has a Mass "De S. Veronica seu Vultus Domini" ) of ( "Saint Veronica, or the Face of the Lord" ), and Matthew of Westminster speaks of the imprint of the image of the Savior which is called Veronica: "Effigies Domenici vultus quae Veronica nuncupatur" ( "effigy of the face of the Lord which is called a Veronica" ). By degrees, popular imagination mistook this word for the name of a person and attached thereto several legends which vary according to the country.
The reference to Abgar is related to a similar legend in Oriental traditions, the Image of Edessa .
Veronica legends
There is no reference to the story of St Veronica and her veil in the canonical Gospels . The closest is the miracle of the woman who was healed by touching the hem of Jesus’ garment (Luke 8:43& ndash;48); her name is later identified as Veronica by the apocrypha l " Acts of Pilate ". The story was later elaborated in the 11th century by adding that Christ gave her a portrait of himself on a cloth, with which she later cured the Emperor Tiberius . The linking of this with the bearing of the cross in the Passion, and the miraculous appearance of the image only occurs around 1380, in the internationally popular book Meditations on the life of Christ .cite book | last = Wilson | first = Ian | title = Holy Faces, Secret Places | publisher = Doubleday | location = Garden City | year = 1991 | isbn = 978-0-385-26105-0 |pages=175 The story of Veronica is celebrated in the sixth Stations of the Cross|Station of the Cross .Vatican Website http://www.vatican.va/news_services/liturgy/2005/via_crucis/en/station_06.html Sixth Station
According to the Catholic Encyclopedia , the name "Veronica" comes from the Latin language|Latin vera , meaning "true" or "Truthful", and the Greek language|Greek eikon , meaning "image"; the Veil of Veronica was therefore largely regarded in medieval times as the "true image", the truthful representation of Jesus, preceding the Shroud of Turin .CathEncy|id=15362a|title=St. Veronica
Saint Veronica was mentioned in the reported visions of Jesus and Mary|visions of Jesus by Sister Marie of St Peter , a Carmelite nun who lived in Tours , France , and started the Catholic devotion|devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus . In 1844, Sister Marie reported that in a vision, she saw Saint Veronica wiping away the spit and mud from the face of Jesus with her veil on the way to Calvary. She said that sacrilegious and blasphemous acts today are adding to the spit and mud that Saint Veronica wiped away that day. According to Sr Marie of St Peter , in her visions Jesus told her that He desired devotion to His Holy Face in Reparation (legal)|reparation for sacrilege and blasphemy . Acts of Reparation to Jesus Christ are thus compared to Saint Veronica wiping the face of Jesus.Dorothy Scallan, Emeric B Scallan, "The Life & Revelations of Sr. Mary of St. Peter," 1994, ISBN 0-89555-389-9 Joan Carroll Cruz , OCDS . "Saintly Men of Modern Times," 2003, ISBN 1-931709-77-7
The Devotion to the Holy Face of Jesus was eventually approved by Pope Leo XIII in 1885. St Veronica is commemorated on 12 July.
Veronica in popular culture
Mel Gibson's film The Passion of the Christ (2004) included an episode of Veronica wiping Jesus' face, although she is not referred to by name in the film (she is credited in the film as "Seraphia" ). Anne Catherine Emmerich|Blessed Anne Catherine Emmerich , one of the inspirational sources to the cited movie, depicts a long and touching description of the St Veronica episode and she identifies the true name of St Veronica also as "Seraphia."cite book|last=Emerich|first=Anne Catherine|title=Dolorious Passion|url= http://www.jesus-passion.com/THE_PASSION_3.5.htm#CHAPTER%20XXXIV
See also
Commons category|Saint Veronica
Veil of Veronica|Veronica's Veil
Holy Face Scapular
Relics attributed to Jesus
List of names for the Biblical nameless
s:Bible (King James)/Matthew#Chapter 9|Matthew 9
s:Bible (King James)/Mark#Chapter 5|Mark 5
References
reflist
Churches and parishes named in her honor
http://www.stveronica.org/ St Veronica Parish , Cincinnati , Ohio
http://www.stveronica.net/ St Veronica Catholic Church , Chantilly, Virginia|Chantilly , Virginia
http://www.saintveronica.org/ Saint Veronica Congregation , Milwaukee , Wisconsin
External links
http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php? saint_id=1953 Catholic Online - Saints & Angels: St Veronica
Persondata | NAME = Veronica | ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | SHORT DESCRIPTION = | DATE OF BIRTH = | PLACE OF BIRTH = Caesarea Philippi or Jerusalem , Palaestina | DATE OF DEATH = | PLACE OF DEATH = DEFAULTSORT:Veronica Category:1st-century births Category:1st-century deaths Category:Saints from the Holy Land Category:Roman Catholic saints Category:Eastern Orthodox saints Category:1st-century Christian female saints
